118 Proceedings of the Royal Society 
of whom only should be entitled to speak and to vote. 3d, That 
each State be entitled to vote in proportion to its real power and 
importance, for the time being . 4 th, That in order to fix this pro- 
portion, it be the first business of each Congress to ascertain the 
relative importance of each State on the basis, — (a) of population ; 
(6) of exports and imports ; (c) of free revenue. 5th, That each 
State be entitled to propose and push to a vote any question of in- 
ternational politics in which it might be interested. 6 th, That each 
State be bound to supply a contingent of men, or money, propor- 
tioned to the number of votes assigned to it, for the purpose of en- 
forcing the decrees of the Congress, by arms if necessary. 1th, That 
the representatives of any State which should make war without the 
sanction of the Congress be excluded from its next meeting ; and 
that the conduct of such State be judged of in their absence, on a 
written statement and oral hearing of counsel, by the representa- 
tives of the other States. 8th, That all purely national questions 
be excluded from the deliberations of the Congress ; but that the 
Congress itself should determine whether any question brought 
before it were or were not of this kind. 9 th, That civil wars, as 
opposed to rebellions, be within the jurisdiction of the Congress ; the 
Congress itself being entitled to judge what internal commotions 
possess the character of civil wars. 1 Oth, That all questions 
brought by individual States before the Congress be submitted to it 
by the representatives of such States, — first scripto, and then viva 
voce. 11th, That a Judicial Tribunal be constituted, to the decision 
of which it should be competent for the Congress to remit any matter 
which it conceived to admit, demand, or to admit of, judicial deter- 
mination. 12 th, That a final appeal should lie from this tribunal 
to the Congress itself, in a manner analogous to that in which the 
judgments of our supreme courts may be carried to the House of 
Lords. 13^, That the judges of this court be appointed by the 
Congress, each State voting in proportion to its real weight, ascer- 
tained as above. 14:th, That the presidents, both of the Congress 
itself and of the judicial tribunal, be appointed or re-elected at 
each meeting of the Congress, but that the ordinary judges of the 
tribunal should hold their offices ad vitam aut culpam. 15th, That 
the presidents and judges, being officers of the Congress, be paid by 
the Congress ; but that the representatives receive no remuneration, 
except such as should be granted them by their respective States. 
