570 Proceedings of the Royal Society 
Peninsula. This line reaches as far south as Umea on the east 
coast of the G-ulf of Bothnia, and passes just to the west of Tornea, 
at the head of the Gulf ; thence across to the White Sea, and 
embracing the Kola Peninsula and the coast to westward of the 
Waranger Fiord, to where it enters Norway. 
Beginning at Tobolsk in Siberia, we observe the line of 70° of 
range turning south-west to Orenburg and forming a western 
extension into European Eussia, north of the Caspian Sea, as far 
as the Volga; thence round the north and east of the sea of Aral 
(where Eaimsk has a range of 69°), and probably south from this 
into the deserts of Western Turkestan to the latitude of the south 
of the Caspian Sea; thence north-east through Barnaul on the Obi 
to the north of Krasnoiarsk on the Yenisei Eiver (which has a range 
of 63°) ; south again through Irkutsk on the west side of Lake 
Baikal, probably to the northern frontier of China-proper, enclosing 
the desert of Mongolia ; then north-eastward, taking the general 
direction of the coast to near Okhotsk (66° range). Afterwards 
bending round parallel with the line of 60° range this line must 
keep along near the north coast of Asia, re-entering the land at 
the Obi river and following along the east side of the Ural chain 
to where we found it first, at Tobolsk. 
The American line of 70° range passes nearly parallel with that 
of 60° from near the coast at Behring Strait into the continent past 
the south end of Lake Winnipeg, and thence has most probably 
an extention into the mass of land to the west of Labrador, but 
avoiding the sea till it returns to the west coast of Hudson Bay, 
which it crosses near Fort-York ; from this it passes north-east 
through Southampton Island and Boothia to where Kane wintered 
in Smith Sound, probably extends thence into Greenland, and 
turns back from there to Melville Island and Banks Land, through 
which it passes south-west into the mainland of America. A small 
and remarkable area in the north-east of Norway has also a range 
of above 70°. It extends from Enontekis (73° range) in the centre 
of Lapland on the south, to beyond Wardo, on the east coast of 
Norway, which latter place has a range of 78°. 
From Tara, in the government of Tobolsk in Siberia, the Asiatic 
line of 80° range passes eastward to the north of Lake Baikal, and 
then south between that lake and the town of Chita, which has a 
