1916-17.] The Family Chermesidse. 361 
Kalt., and Gh. lapponicus, Cholod. The following is a graphical description 
of the life-histories of these species according to Cholodkovsky (29) : — 
Diageam 1. — Graphical representation of the life-history of Chermes viridis (Ratz. ), according to 
Cholodkovsky. 
Diagram 2. — Graphical representation of the life-history of C'feermes abietis, Kalt., according to 
Cholodkovsky. 
Diagram 3. — Graphical representation of the life-history of Chermes ( Cnaphalodes ) strobilobius, 
Kalt. , according to Cholodkovsky. 
Diagram 4. — Graphical representation of the life-history of Chermes ( Cnaphalodes ) lapponicus , 
Choi., according to Cholodkovsky. 
Borner (3) made the “ Parallel-row Theory ” of Dreyfus the foundation 
for his work, and sought experimental proof. He (6) succeeded in obtaining 
gallicolse migrantes of Chermes abietis from one gall produced by one 
