370 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. [Sess. 
these galls were dealt with as before. The gallicolae settled 
readily on spruce and laid twenty to thirty bright orange- 
coloured eggs under the protection of copious wool. In spite 
of numerous experiments only one gallicola was induced to 
settle and oviposit on a larch needle. A few larvae hatched 
from these orange eggs, but they died. As the season advanced 
the size of the gallicolae decreased. These later females laid 
fewer eggs, and they secreted more “ wool.” 
Generation III. Golonici . — The larvae hatching from the eggs laid by 
the gallicolae migrantes on larch needles were dark brown in colour. They 
generally settled in the axils of needles on the branches of older trees, and 
were not noticeable until the needles fell off. When the trees were very 
young they settled on the bark of the shoot. No “ wool ” was secreted 
before or during hibernation. These larvae began to feed from the 1st 
March onwards. Development was variable ; some had reached the adult 
stage by the beginning of April, but in most cases not till the end of that 
month. The adult female was bronze green in colour and powdery wool 
was secreted from the last segments of the abdomen. Egg-laying was 
closely observed under a porro-prism. The eggs were, as a rule, laid in the 
axil of, or on, a dwarf shoot. The female used the end of the abdomen in 
selecting a place for oviposition. The ovipositor remained a few minutes 
on the bark in anchoring the stalk of the egg, then the stalk was passed 
out and remained coiled like a spring. The egg took a few minutes to pass 
out. The colour of the egg was yellow when laid, turning a bronze-green 
colour a few hours later. A pinkish tinge appeared a few days afterwards. 
Five to twelve eggs per day were laid until thirty-five to fifty had been 
laid. Unfavourable weather frequently stopped egg-laying for a number 
of days. Egg-laying continued until mid-May, the first eggs hatching 
before the last were laid. 
(а) The first larvae hatching from the eggs which were laid first were 
of the progrediens type. 
(б) The larvae hatching from the eggs laid last were of the sistens 
type. They settled on the twig, and remained undeveloped 
during the summer and winter. These were very few in number, 
and hatched out much later than those of the progrediens type. 
Some climbed on to needles and died. 
The black active progrediens larvae climbed on to the needles and, in 
nature, frequently fed beside the larvae of Chermes s. str. The feeding 
caused the bending of the needle. The moults took place at intervals of 
