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greater running ostriches, the noisy parrots and macaws, and the delicate- 
plumaged cockatoos, and devote the remainder of this notice to one or two 
of the characteristic mammalia of tropical regions. Here we have adven- 
tures by flood and field, in the chase of the ungainly hippopotamus, the 
savage rhinoceros, and the massive elephant. In the hippopotamus we 
should hardly expect to recognise much intelligence, or to credit much of 
the god-like attribute of memory ; but he seems to have both where they 
may serve his purpose, or help to self-preservation. “ It knows how to 
avoid pitfalls, and has so good a memory that when it has once heard a 
ball whiz about its ears, it never after ceases to be cautious and wide awake 
at the approach of danger.” (P. 435.) Like elephants, certain solitary in- 
dividuals appear to have a special bump of mischief, and are called rogues 
for their cunning and instinct for its gratification. 
The account of the lion is specially interesting in connection with the 
paper by M. Jules Gerard, in the present number of this Review. 
“ Man,” says Dr. Hartwig, “judging from outward appearances and 
attributing to external beauty analogous qualities of mind, has endowed 
the lion with a nobility of character which he really does not possess ; for 
modern travellers who have had occasion to observe him in his native 
wilds, far from awarding him the praise of chivalrous generosity and 
noble daring, rather describe him as a mean-spirited robber, prowling 
about at night time, in order to surprise a weaker prey.” We will 
conclude our notice of this most interesting and instructive volume with 
a passage which places the moral character of the lion- -if we may so 
describe it — in a somewhat novel light. 
“ When, so say the Bedouins, a single man meeting with a lion 
is possessed of an undaunted heart, he advances towards the monster 
brandishing his sword, or flourishing his rifle high in the air, and taking 
good care not to strike or shoot, contents himself with pouring forth 
a torrent of abuse : — ‘ Oh thou mean-spirited thief ! thou pitiful waylayer ! 
thou son of one that never ventured to say no ! think’st thou I fear thee ? 
Know’st thou whose son I am ? Arise, and let me pass ! * The lion 
waits till the man approaches quite near to him ; then he retires, but 
soon stretches himself once more across the path, and thus by many 
a repeated trial puts the courage of the wanderer to the test. All the time 
the movements of the lion are attended with a dreadful noise : he breaks 
numberless branches with his tail ; he roars, he growls ; like the cat with 
the mouse, he plays with the object of his repeated and singular attacks, 
keeping him perpetually suspended between hope and fear. If the man 
engaged in this combat keeps up his courage, — if, as the Arabs express 
it, he holds fast his soul, — then the brute at last quits him, and seeks some 
other prey. But if the lion perceives that he lias to do with an opponent 
whose courage falters, whose voice trembles, who does not venture to utter 
a menace, then, to terrify him still more, he redoubles the described 
manoeuvres, he approaches his victim, pushes him from the path, then 
leaves him, and approaches him again, and enjoys the agony of the 
wretch, until at last he tears him to pieces.” (P. 468.) 
