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POPULAR SCIENCE REVIEW. 
stems are short in the extreme, and hear sharp pointed leaves 
on either side; at its summit it carries a calyptra cup-shaped; 
the oval receptacle rests on a very short stalk. The colour is 
yellow-green, and the plants gTow in a scattered fashion, not in 
a dense patch, as is usual with Jungermanniae. Its turned-in 
leaves procure it the name of J. calyptrifolia (No. 9). The 
same bank nourishes the long straggling branches and glittering 
foliage of the J. polyanthos. On close examination we find small 
stipules cut into two points beneath the stem, from behind 
which little rootlets spring, fastening the branch at a distance 
of every few lines to the clay. A few weeks later and the patch 
will be strewn with white calyptrse, glassy footstalks, and 
slender crosses (No. 5). Once more rocks rise on the side of 
the path, but here it is the north exposure that nourishes the 
Liverwort. Numerous slender branches of dark green form a 
network, and we are inclined to pass them by as Algas, and 
irrelevant to the subject of the day ; even the lens fails to dis- 
cover anything more than mere inequalities in the thickness of 
the threads. But we carry it home, plunge it in water for a 
few moments, and apply the microscope ; and lo ! the threads 
are rounded stems, set on either side with closely compressed 
leaves, clasping -with them heart-shaped bases the slender 
stems; it is the J. cor difolia (No. 2). Other overhanging rocks 
are draped with the spreading branches of the robust J. pla- 
typhylla, lying one above another tile-fashion, and affording 
good handfuls of foliage. The colour is olive-green, varying 
in hue, and the fruit is rare ; but no moss is commoner on the 
perpendicular surface of rocks than this Liverwort. Here the 
leaves are divided in two lobes, like those of the J. obtusifolia, 
but the smaller lobe is turned to the under side of the branch ; 
there is a stipule also, about the size of the smaller lobe, and 
situated under the stem, between the rows of turned-in lobes ; 
this gives an appearance of very close and abundant foliage to 
the under part of the branch. Trees growing about these 
rocks have occasionally a very verdant patch at their roots ; 
the strikingly fresh green attracts the observer, and he finds 
the plant to be J. serpyllifolia, a minute Liverwort with entire 
leaves placed horizontally on either side the stem, and mode- 
rately branched. 
Let us search the woods and hedges immediately around 
us, and ere a score of moist days have been thus passed, few 
will be dissatisfied with their sheet of Jungermannige. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXI. 
Fig. 1. Jungermannia Asplenoides. — 2. J. cordifolia. — 3. J. connivens. — 
4. J. complanata. — 5. J. polyanthos. — 6. J.bidentata. — 7. J. reptans. 
— 8. J. dilatata. — 9. J. calyptrifolia. — 10. J. obtusifolia. — 11. 
J. furcata. — 12. J. pinguis. — 13. J. epiphylla. 
