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Genus ELEPIIAS. 
Subgenus LOXODON. 
E. [Loxodon] meridionalis (Noati). — The genus Elephas is 
separated from the genus Mastodon for the reasons assigned above, 
as well as by the absence of an isomerous ridge formula to the three 
intermediate molars of the upper and lower jaws. And because the 
ridges in the molar teeth, instead of being limited to three or four, 
range from six up to an unlimited number, in the different groups 
of species, Dr. Falconer has, as in the case of the Mastodons, upon 
these grounds, again split up the genus Elephas into three sub- 
genera, founded upon the ridge formula of the molars and certain 
other dental characters. 
These three subgenera of Elephas arc respectively named, Stego- 
don, Loxodon, and Euelephas. 
The subgenus Loxodon is characterized by the plates of the 
molar teeth presenting a succession of wedge-shaped elongated 
processes, with a thinner coating of enamel than the plates of 
the molars in the subgenus Stegodon ; neither are the plates so 
numerous as in the subgenus Euelephas. 
Elephas meridionalis occurs both in the old land surface under- 
lying the crag, as well as in the forest-bed. This species had a 
greater distribution in time than Mastodon arvernensis, remains of 
it being found in the Suffolk crag, the stony bed, and forest-bed. 
The remains of Mastodon never occur in the forest-bed. 
Subgenus EUELEPHAS. 
E. [Euelephas] axtiquus (Falconer). — In the subgenus Euele- 
phas the ridges of the molars are compressed and closely packed 
together, with an attenuation of the ivory enamel and cement which 
forms the tooth ; but as there is a limit to the lateral expansion of 
the crown, the ridges are attenuated and elongated vertically. 
The chief characteristics of the species Elephas antiqum are as 
follows : — the crowns of the molar teeth are very narrow, hence it 
is often called the Narrow-toothed Elephant. The enamel of the 
plates of the teeth arc very much crimped, and the plates themselves 
shew a certain amount of mesial rhomboidal expansion of the discs 
of wear. 
The deposits in which this species is found, are the forest-bed 
