270 
LIST OP NORFOLK BIRDS. 
the home-bred birds have already left us before these large arrivals 
take place ; but in November and the beginning of December these 
also retreat from the coast, and move south, or seek more sheltered 
localities. Certainly in the gardens of Norwich, and probably in 
most inland towns, both the Elackbird and the Thrush are almost 
as numerous in winter as at any other season. In February and 
klarch the return movement commences, and they are again seen 
in the grass-fields ; but the northward migration in sjiring, Avhich 
passes over Norfolk, and leaves some of its number behind, 
is as nothing compared with the great wave which passes over 
us in the month of October. — S. 
39. PtEDWiNG {Tardus iliacus). 
40. Fieldfare {Tardus pilaris). 
Both these species are winter visitants, more or less numerous 
according to the severity of the season. 
41. Blackbird {Tardus merula). 
This species, like the Tlmish, receives large accessions to its 
numbers in the autumn, which however generally appear to pass 
on, as do a portion of the home-bred birds. It does not seem to 
desert the open country to such an extent as the Thrush does. 
42. Eing Ouzel {Tardus torqaatus). 
j\Ir. Stevenson (‘Birds of Norfolk,’ vol. i. p. 84) speaks of the 
Eing Ouzel as a regular spring and autumn migrant, occasionally 
known to nest. In 1861 a Eing Ouzel was seen on its nest by 
]\Ir. W. Clarke at Ashwicken near Lynn (‘Field,’ Oct. 2Gth, 
1867). — G. A note in the late Mr. Eobert Eising’s copy of 
Yarrell’s ‘ British Birds ’ says that a nest was found in a cottage 
garden at Horsey in May, 1855, containing four eggs, and that 
a second nest was found in the same locality subsequently. 
A Blackbird with a white gorget, singularly like a Eing Ouzel, 
frequented the garden of one of the authors last summer, and might 
very readily have been mistaken for one of the latter birds. — S. 
43. Hedge Sparrow {Accentor modtilaris). 
Common, especially near human habitations. This is one of 
the few species which does not seem to vary in numbers according 
to seasons. — S. 
