SCIENTIFIC SUMMARY. 
323 
open eastward, seems due to their glaciers being feeders of the glacier of 
the Lough Corrib valley, which itself was a branch of the glacier that 
flowed down the valley now occupied by the waters of Galway Bay; how- 
ever, at the mouth of some of these valleys they do exist, and are described 
in the u Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Ireland ” (sheets 95 and 105). 
Furthermore, his belief is strengthened when he considers that all the accu- 
mulations of this kind of sand in Ireland, with which he is intimately 
acquainted, both at or near the sea-board, and inland, have similar relations 
to valleys in which, if he has not observed the traces of glaciers, yet it is 
not only possible, but also highly probable, that they once existed. Since 
the glacial period, on account of the loose and frail nature of the yEolian 
sand, they have been a prey to the caprice of the wind or other moving 
forces, and have been drifted hither and thither, and their real relations to 
the more recent deposits have been obliterated. 
Organic Remains in the Crags . — An important list of these is given in a 
paper by R. Bell, in the u Geological Magazine ” for June. The following 
is a list of the nett total of each group of which the author has lists : — 
T3 
1 
o 
rS 
{§ s? 
-Sai 
Summary. 
& 
§ 
a 
£•£ 
To 
£ 
o 
u 
oB g 
a 
1 
Cetacea 
2 
21 


3 
Other mammalia .... 
1 
14 
— 
6 
23 
Aves 


— 
1 

Pisces 
9 
3 
2 
2 
5 
Insecta ...... 


— 
— 
1 
Crustacea 
9 
2 
1 
— 

Ostracoda ..... 
21 
4 
— 
— 
— 
Cirripedia ..... 
Annelida 
10 
4 
8 
1 
3 
2 
3 
3 
1 
Echinodermata . . 
17 
11 
2 
— 
3 
Land and fresh water mollusca 

5 
9 
22 
19 
Marine Gasteropoda and Soleno- \ 
concha J 
193 
178 
108 
64 
46 
Opisthobranchiata .... 
14 
5 
3 
4 
3 
Pteropoda 
1 
— 
— 
— 
— 
Lamellibranchiata 
169 
135 
74 
71 
73 
Brachiopoda 
5 
1 
2 
2 
— 
Polyzoa 
Ccelenterata . . . 
125 
30 
5 
— 
3 
4 
5 
2 
— 
— 
Protozoa ..... 
1 
2 
— 
— 
— 
Rhizopoda ..... 
88 
26 
— 
10 
5 
Plantse . 
2 
1 
— 
— 
12 
Total in each formation 
675 
452 
213 
185 
200 
American Survey of Iron and Copper Mines . — From the “ Report on the 
Progress of the State Geological Survey of Michigan/’ by A. Winchell,L.L.D., 
we learn that the survey of the iron region near Marquette is nearly com- 
pleted. Eleven large maps of the most important mines are nearly ready 
