110 
PRiECOCIAL GRALLATORES — LIMICOL2E. 
Haomatopus ostralegus. 
EUROPEAN OYSTER CATCHER. 
Hcematopus ostralegus, Linn. Faun. Suec. 69 ; S. 1ST. ed. 10, 1758, 152 ; ed. 12, 1766, 257. Naum. 
Yog. Deutscld. VII. 1834, 325, pi. 181. — Schleg. Rev. Grit. 85. — Keys. & Blas. Wirb. Eur. 
71. — Gray', Gen. B. III. 547 ; Cat. Brit. B. 1863, 142. — Macgill. Hist. Blit. B. IV. 1852, 
152. — Ridgw. Horn. N. Am. B. 1881, no. 506. — Coues, Cheek List, 2d ed. 1882, no. 595 
(“ ostrilegus ”). 
Hcematopus hypoleucus, Pall. Zobg. Eosso-As. II. 1811, 129. 
Hcematopus longirostris, Vieill. Ene. Moth. II. 1820, 340. — Gould. B. Austr. VI. pi. 7. 
Hcematopus picat us, Vigors, King’s Voy. Austr. Alp. 420. 
Ostralcga pica, Bonnat. Enc. Meth. 1790, 25. 
Ostralegci europcea, Less. Traite, 1831, 548. 
Hcematopus austr alasianus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, 155. 
Ostralegus vulgaris, Less. Rev. Zool. 1839, 47. 
Ostralegus hcematopus, Macgill. Man. II. 59. 
Hcematopus balticus, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. 563. 
Hcematopus orientalis, Brei-im, 1. c. 
Hcematopus osculans, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1871, 405. 
Pied Oyster Catcher, Penn. Brit. Zool. II. 1812, 112, pi. 19. 
Oyster Catcher, Yaue. Brit. B. ed. 2, II. 496, fig. ; ed. 3, II. 525, fig., et Auct. 
Hab. Sea-coasts of the Palsearctic region, New Zealand, etc. ; occasional in Greenland 
(Reinh. J. t'. O. 1854, 425 ; Ibis, 1861-1869. Julianehaab, 1847 ; Godthaab, 1851 ; Nenortalik, 
three specimens). 
Sp. Char. Adult : Head, neck, jugulum, wings, and tail, black, the head and neck somewhat 
plumbeous in certain lights, the wings and tail slightly brownish. Rest of the plumage, including 
the entire rump, upper tail-coverts, base of the tail, greater wing-coverts, and lower parts, pure 
white. Throat sometimes with a white transverse band, and in some specimens other white 
markings about the head. 1 Bill “ vermilion, tinged with yellow as far as the end of the nasal 
groove, the attenuated part dull yellow ; ” iris crimson, eyelids vermilion ; feet “ pale lake or 
purplish red.” (Macgillivray.) Young: “ General color of the dark parts . . . deep chocolate- 
brown, the feathers slightly margined with yellowish red ; the breast, belly, greater part of the 
back \i. e. rump ?], half of the tail, and its coverts . . . white ; ” bill “ more tinged with orange, 
but the feet . . . nearly as described above ” (Macgillivray). 
1 According to Macgillivray (Hist. Brit. B. IV. p. 155), these variations appear to be of an individual 
character, “birds at all seasons occurring with the varieties as to the white marks on the neck mentioned 
above.” 
