278 
PR,ECOCIAL GRALLATORES — LIMICOLAE. 
Genus RHYACOPHILUS, Kaup. 
Rhyacophilus, Kaup, Sk. Entw. Europ. Th. 1829, 140 (type, Tringa glareola, Linn.). 
Char. Similar to Totanus, but smaller, and with middle toe nearly as long as tarsus. 
There is but one American species of this genus, and the Old World members are by no means 
numerous — only two, the R. ochropus (Linn.) and R. glareola (Linn.) being recognized by authori- 
R. solitarius. 
ties. The latter is the type of the genus, but it resembles the American R. solitarius much less 
than does the former. The three may be distinguished as follows : — 
A. Lining of the wing dusky, barred with white. 
1. R. solitarius. Upper tail-coverts dusky, barred with white ; middle tail-feathers dusky, 
spotted with white along the edge. Wing, 5.30 ; culmen, 1.15 ; tarsus, 1.30; middle toe, 
1.00. Hal. North America, migrating southward in winter. 
2. R. ochropus. Upper tail-coverts pure white, nearly or quite immaculate ; middle tail- 
feathers widely barred with white. Wing, 5.40-5.70 ; culmen, 1.30-1.40 ; tarsus, 1.25- 
1.40 ; middle toe, .95-1.00. Hab. Europe ; accidental in Eastern North America (Nova 
Scotia). 
Lining of the wing white, spotted exteriorly with dusky. 
3. R. glareola. Upper tail-coverts white, more or less marked with dusky ; middle tail- 
feathers banded with white. Wing, 4.75-4.90; culmen, 1.10-1.15; tarsus, 1.40-1.45; 
middle toe, 1.00-1.05. Hab. Palsearctic Region. 
Rhyacophilus solitarius. 
THE SOLITARY SANDPIPER. 
Tringa ochropus, var. /3, Lath. Ind. Orn. II. 1790, 730. 
Tringa solitaria, Wils. Am. Orn. VII. 1813, 53, pi. 58, fig. 3. 
Totanus solitarius, Aun. Synop. 1839, 242 ; B. Am. V. 1842, 309, pi. 343. — CotTES, Key, 1872, 259 ; 
Check List, 1873, no. 435 ; Birds N. W. 1874, 498. 
Rhyacophilus solitarius, Cass, in Baird’s B. N. Am. 1858, 733. — Baird, Cat. N. Am. B. 1859, no. 
541.— Eidgw. Nom. N. Am. B. 1881, no. 550. — Coues, Check List, 2d ed. 1882, no. 637. 
Totanus chloropygius, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. VI . 1816, 401. — Sw. & Rich. F. B. A. II. 1831, 393. — 
Nutt. Man. II. 1834, 159. — Aud. Orn. Biog. HI. 1835, 576; V. 1839, 583, pi. 289. 
Totanus macroptera, Spix, Av. Bras. II. 1825, 76, 92. 
(?) “ Totanus caligatus, Licht.” 
“ Totanus guttatus, Illig.” 
