326 
PRzECOCIAL GRALLATORES — LIMICOL.E. 
B. BiR subulate, the nostrils strictly basal. 
2. Lobipes. Feet as in Phalaropus. 
3. Steganopus. Web between outer and middle toes not reaching to second joint ; lateral 
membrane to all the toes narrow and scarcely scalloped. 
Genus PHALAROPUS, Brisson. 
Phalaropus, Bjiiss. Orn. VI. 1760, 12 (type, Tringa fulicaria, Vieill. ). 
“ Crymophilus, Vieill. 1816 ” (Cassin). 
P. fulicarius. 
Char. Bill flattened, broad, the nostrils sub-basal ; web between outer and middle toes 
extending to beyond second joint of the latter ; marginal membrane of the toes broad and deeply 
scalloped. 
Phalaropus fulicarius. 
THE RED PHALAROPE. 
Tringa fulicaria, Linn. S. N. I. 1766, 249 (based on Phalaropus rufescens, Briss. Orn. VI. 20 ; 
Edwards, pi. 142) 
Phalaropus fulicarius, Bonap. Jour. Philad. Acad. IV. 1825, 232. — Sw. & Rich. F. B. A. II. 1831, 
407. — Nutt. Man. II. 1834, 236.— Aud. Orn. Biog. III. 1835, 404, pi. 255; Synop. 1839, 
239 ; B. Am. V. 1842, 291, pi. 339. — Cass, in Baird’s B. N. Ain. 1858, 707. — Baird, Cat. N. 
Am. B. 1859, no. 521. — Coues, Key, 1872, 248 ; Check List, 1873, no. 411 ; 2d ed. 1882, no. 
604 ; B. N. W. 1874, 471. — Ridgw. Nom. N. Am. B. 1882, no. 563. 
Phalaropus ruf us, Pall. Zoog. Rosso- As. II. 1831, 205, pi. 63. 
Phalaropus platyrhynchus, Temm. Man. 1815, 459. 
Phalaropus rufescens, Briss. Orn. VI. 1760, 20. 
Phalaropus griseus, Leach, Cat. Brit. Mas. 1816, 34. 
Hab. Northern portions of the northern hemisphere, breeding in very high latitudes, and 
migrating southward in winter ; chiefly maritime ; in America, recorded from as far south as 
Ohio, Illinois, and Cape St. Lucas. 
Sp. Char. Adult, summer plumage: Entire lower parts deep purplish cinnamon ; sides of 
head white. Back and scapulars light ochraceous or buff, striped with black ; wing-coverts deep 
bluish plumbeous, the greater widely tipped with pure white ; remiges plumbeous-dusky. Lining 
of the wing white, bordered exteriorly with dusky grayish. Male, with the crown and nape 
