388 
ALECTORIDES. 
or sepia-brown above ; broad longitudinal stripes on the flanks, lateral feathers of the crissum, 
and border of the wing, white. Bill and frontal shield (in adult) bright red, the end of the former 
yellowish green ; legs and feet green (in life), the upper part of the tibia scarlet. 
A. Frontal shield rounded or pointed posteriorly. 
1. G. chloropus. 1 Wing, 6.60-7.00 inches; culmen, including frontal shield, 1.50-1.75; 
tarsus, 1.90-2.00 ; middle toe, 2.25. Back greenish olive. I lab. Paleearctic Region. 
B. Frontal shield truncate posteriorly. 
2. G. galeata. Wing, 6.85-7.25 inches ; bill, from end of frontal shield, 1.70-1.85 ; tarsus, 
2.10-2.30; middle toe, 2. 50-2. CO. Back, scapulars, and rump, dark sepia-brown (more 
olivaceous anteriorly), distinctly different from the clear plumbeous of the lower parts ; 
lateral feathers of the crissum entirely pure white. Hab. North and Middle, and much 
of South, America, and West Indies. 
3. G. Garmani. 2 Wing, 9.10 inches; bill, from end of frontal shield, 1.90; tarsus, 2.60; 
middle toe, 2.80. Back dark slate, slightly tinged with dark sooty brown, not distinctly 
different from the dark slaty plumbeous of the lower parts ; lateral feathers of the crissum 
bordered with blackish slate. Hab. Vicinity of Lake Titicaca, Peru. 
G-allinula galeata. 
THE FLORIDA GALLINULE. 
Crex galeata, Light. Verz. Doubl. 1823, 80, no. 826. 
Gallinula galeata, Bonap. Am. Orn. IV. 1832, 128. — Nutt. Man. II. 1834, 221. — Cass, in Baird’s 
B. N. Am. 1858, 752. — Baird, B. N. Am. 1859, no. 560. — Coues, Key, 1872, 275 ; Check 
List, 1873, no. 472 ; 2d ed. 1882, no. 684 ; Birds N. W. 1874, 540. — Ridgw. Nom. N. Am. B. 
1881, no. 579. 
Gallinula chloropus, Bonap. Synop. 1828, 336 (nec Lath.). — Aud. Orn. Biog. III. 1835, 330, 
pi. 224 ; Synop. 1839, 210 ; B. Am. V. 1842, 132, pi. 304. 
Hab. The whole of tropical and temperate America, north to Canada, south to Brazil and 
Chili. 
Sp. Char. Adult: Frontal plate large, obovate, truncated or slightly convex posteriorly, flat 
and smooth, or tumid and corrugated. Bill shorter than the head, rather thick, compressed. 
Head, neck, and entire lower parts dark plumbeous, with a bluish cinereous cast, frequently nearly 
black on the head and neck, and generally lighter (in autumnal and winter specimens quite white) 
on the abdomen. Crissum white, the middle feathers black ; feathers of the flanks widely edged 
with white, producing broad stripes ; edge of the wing and edge of outer primary white. Upper 
parts dark russet-, or sepia-brown, darker on the rump. Bill and frontal shield bright scarlet in 
life, the end of the former greenish yellow or bright yellow ; iris brown ; legs and feet yellowish 
green, the joints ashy blue ; upper part of the naked tibiae scarlet. Young : Similar, but frontal 
shield rudimentary, the bill brownish, paler at the tip ; the whole lower parts suffused with 
whitish, and the head mixed with the same, particularly the throat, which is sometimes wholty 
1 Gallinula chloropus. The European Gallinule or Moor-hen. 
Fulica chloropus, Linn. S. N. ed. 10, 1758, 152 ; ed. 12, 1766, 258. 
Gallinula chloropus, Lath. Ind. Orn. II. 1790, 770. — Naum. Vog. Deutsclil. IX. 1838, 587, 
pi. 240. — Bonap. Comp. List, 1838, 53. — Keys. & Blas. With. Eur. 1840, 68. — 
Macgill. Man. II. 117. — Gray, Gen. B. III. 1849, 599 ; Cat. Brit. B. 1863, 180. 
Stagnicola scptentrionalis, Brehm, Vog. Deutsclil. 1831, 704. 
Fulica fusca, Gmel. S. N. I. 1788, 697. 
Fulica maculata, Gmel. t. c. 701. 
Fulica flavvpes and F. fistulans, Gmel. t. c. 702. 
Common Gallinule, Penn. Brit. Zool. II. 1812, 121, pi. 22, up. fig. ; et Auct. 
Moor-hen, Yarr. Brit. B. ed. 2, III. 114, fig. ; ed. 3, III. 129, fig. ; et Auct. 
2 Gallinula Garmani. Garman’s Gallinule. 
Gallinula Garmani, Allen, 'Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. III. July, 1876, 357 (Lake Titicaca), 
