PHCENICOPTERIDiE — THE FLAMINGOES — PHCENICOPTERUS. 415 
the toes. Maxilla much depressed, especially for the terminal half, everywhere narrower than the 
mandible, which is greatly thickened in the middle portion, its sides roughened or slightly corru- 
gated, the end with numerous deep longitudinal sulcations maxilla with a distinct lateral groove 
from the nostril to the tip ; both maxillary and mandibular laminae exposed. 
P. ruber. 
The above characters tire drawn from P. ruber, but they apply equally well to the other spe- 
cies of the genus, of which about six are known, only two of which are American, one, P. ruber, 
belonging to the West Indies and shores of the Gulf of Mexico, and the Galapagos, the other, 
P. ignipalliatus, peculiar to Southern South America. 
Phoenicopterus ruber. 
THE AMERICAN FLAMINGO. 
Phoenicojiterus ruber, Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 139 (part) ; ed. 12, I. 1766, 230 (part). — "Wils. 
Am. Orn. VIII. 1814, 45, pi. 66. — Nutt. Man. II. 1834, 70. — Atjd. Orn. Biog. V. 1839, 255, 
pi. 431 ; Synop. 1839, 269 ; B. Am. VI. 1843, 169, pi. 375. —Cass, in Baird’s B. N. Am. 1858, 
687. — Baird, Cat. N. Am. B. 1859, no. 502. — Coues, Key, 1872, 278 ; Check List, 1873, no. 
475 ; 2d ed. 1882, no. 687. — Rrnow. Norn. N. Am. B. 1881, no. 585. 
? Phoenicopterus ylyphorliynclms, Gray, Ibis, 1869, pi. 14, fig. 5 (Galapagos). 
Hab Atlantic coasts of tropical and subtropical America from Florida Keys to Northern 
South America; Bermudas ; Galapagos? ( = “ glyphorhynchus,” Gray.) 
Sp. Char. Adult: Prevailing color pure vermilion-scarlet, most intense on the wings, else- 
where inclining to vermilion-pink ; flanks rosy carmine ; primaries and secondaries uniform deep 
black. Terminal third of the bill (portion beyond the bend) black ; basal portion orange, becoming 
pure yellow at the extreme base and on the lores ; iris blue ; legs and feet lake-red (Audubon). 
