502 
LAMELLIROSTRAL SWIMMERS — ANSERES. 
This Duck keeps continually moving about in small parties all night. When 
wounded it frequently escapes by diving, and often flies a great distance before fall- 
ing, even when fatally hit, and not infrequently strikes the water at least half a mile 
from where it was shot. In stormy or very severe weather this species seldom 
ventures out to sea, and at such times flies low, affording a good opportunity to the 
hunter. 
In mild winters, when food is easily procured, it is in tine condition, and is highly 
esteemed. It does not, like other Ducks, always rise against the wind, but will 
spring up in any direction, and continue to ascend until out of reach. Its voice gen- 
erally resembles that of the common Domestic Duck, but at times it gives utterance 
to a loud whistling note. 
Mr. Giraud mentions that when he was at Niagara Falls, Oct. 16, 1840, eighty-three 
Dusky Ducks were killed by flying into the Falls, and were picked up by the boatmen 
in attendance a short distance below. This is said to be a not unusual occurrence in 
foggy weather, when many Ducks lose their lives by alighting a short distance from 
the precipice, being carried over and killed before they can rise. 
Mr. Lewis states (“ American Sportsman ”) that this Duck is brought in innumer- 
able quantities into the New York and Philadelphia markets, where it meets with a 
ready sale ; though lie regards its flesh as inferior to that of most other wild species 
of Ducks. In this, however, I cannot agree with him ; as when brought to market 
from fresh-water regions, during the fall, it is usually excellent. In severer weather, 
when it feeds in the salt water, and in the spring, when vegetable food is not procur- 
able, the character of its flesh is changed, and it is then less desirable. 
' Many are shot in the salt-marshes of the Delaware ; here, however, they become 
very wary, and cannot be decoyed. They feed on small bivalves, so abundant in these 
waters. They swim and fly with great velocity. Their notes are not distinguishable 
from those of the Mallard ; but their flesh, owing to the character of their food, is at 
times inferior. On the Delaware, as on Long Island, they are killed, on moonlight 
nights, by hunters who lie in wait for them as they return from the sea to the marshes 
to feed. 
Major Wedderburn states that this Duck occasionally visits the Bermudas in the 
fall and winter, making its appearance about the middle of September, and being last 
seen in December. Mr. Robert Kennicott met with a few individuals of this species 
in Northern Minnesota, where they were feeding on wild rice in company with 
Mallards. v 
In Southern Wisconsin, where nearly all the other fresh-water Ducks are so abun- 
dant, Professor Kumlien informs me that this species is by no means common. It is 
more frequently met with in the fall than in the spring. He has never seen it there 
in the summer, and he does not believe that it breeds in that region. Mr. Audubon 
found it breeding in the Bay of Fundy on the 10th of May, 1833, where he met with 
young birds apparently not more than a week old. 
The flight of this Duck is similar to that of the Mallard, but is even more powerful 
and rapid, and equally well sustained. It may always be readily distinguished from 
that species by the whiteness of its lower wing-coverts, which strongly contrasts with 
the dark tints of its general plumage. 
The eggs of this species are of a deep grayish white, usually with a slight tinge of 
green. Three eggs obtained north of Rupert House (Smithsonian Institution, No. 
4348) have the following measurements: 2.50 inches by 1.75; 2.35 by 1.75; and 2.50 
by 1.85. 
