PRENA'NTHES * *. 
Linnean Class 8p Order. Syngene'sia f, Polyga'mia Equa'lis. 
Natural Order. Compo'sitve, Adanson. Tribe, Cichora- 
ceav, Lind. Syn. pp. 140 & 142 ; Infrod. to Nat. Syst. pp. 197 & 
201. — Loud. Hurt. Brit. pp. 520 & 521. — Cichora'ce^e, Juss. 
Gen. FI. p. 168. — Sm. Gram, of Bot. p. 120. — Synanthe're.e, 
Rich, by Mac°;i]liv. p. 454. 
Gen. Char, lnvolucrum ( common calyx J (fig. 1.) cylindrical, 
smooth, double ; the inner of as many strap-shaped, equal scales as 
there are florets; the outer of a few very short unequal ones at the 
base of the inner. Corolla compound, composed of a single rowof per- 
fect, equal, strap-shaped, abrupt, 4- or 5-toothed florets ( flosculij 
(fig. 2.) Filaments 5, hair-like. Anthers united into a slender cylin- 
drical tube. Germcn oblong. Style thread-shaped, longer than the 
stamens. Stigmas 2, revolute (rolled back). Seed ( akenium of 
Richard) (fig. 3.) oblong, furrowed. Seed-down (pappus) hair-like, 
roughish, nearly or quite sessile. Receptacle naked, very narrow. 
Distinguished from other genera of the same class and order, by 
the naked receptacle; nearly sessile, simple down; double calyx; 
and very few (from about 5 to 8) florets. 
One species British. 
PRENA'NTHES MURA'LIS. Ivy-leaved Wall-lettuce. 
Spec. Char. Florets five. Leaves runcinate. 
Eng. Bot. t. 457. — Curt. FI. Lond. t. 306. — Linn.Sp. PI. p. 1121. — Huds. FI. 
Angl. (2nd ed.) p. 338.— Sm. FI. Brit. v. ii. p. 821. Engl. FI. v. iii. p. 348. — 
W ith. (7th ed.) v. iii. p. 887. — Ilook. Brit. Fi. p. 340 — Lightf FI. Scot. v. i. p. 
431. — Sibtli. FI. Oxon. p.238. — Purt. Midi. FI. v. ii. p. 376. — Relh. FI. Cant. 
(3rd ed.) p.319. — Hook. FI. Scot. p. 277. — Curt. Brit. Entomol. t. 391. — Sm. 
PI. of S. Kent. p. 46.— Walk. FI. of ( )xf. p. 223. — Perry’s PI. Varv. Selects, p. 
65. — .Mack. Catal. of PI. of It el. p. 69. — Chondrilla muralis, Gray’s Nat. Arr. 
v. ii. p. 415. — Lindl. Syn. p. 157. — Bab. F). Bath. p. 28 . — Lactuca sylvestris 
murorum flore luteo, Ray’s Syn. p. 162 . — Sonchus leevis muralis, Johnson’s 
Gerarde, p. 293. 
Localihls. — O n old walls, in woods, and on hedge-banks, especially on a 
chalky soil. Not common. — Oxfordsh. In Stokenchurch woods, and on the 
top of Stanton Harcourt kitchen : Dr. SiBTironr. On the walls ef Magdalen 
College, and on Long Wall : Rev. R. Walker. On walls goingfrom the Broad 
IValk into St. A Mate’s ; on the north side of the Church of St. Peter’s in the 
East, Oxford. On a bridge between Lower Woolvercot and Godstow ; and in 
woods on Henley Park Hill : \V. B. — Berks ; On old pollard willows in Bag- 
ley Wood : W. B. — Bucks; At Cleifden: Dr. Mari yn. — Cambridgesh. On 
the willows by the Old Sluice behind Grandchester Mill ; Trumpinglon, in the 
lane leading from the bridge, towards the village ; Chippenham, on the walls of 
the Park: Rev. R. Reiman. — Verbysh. About Peek’s Hole: Dr. Martin. — 
Herts; Near Welwyn: ibid. — Kent; Upon old walls at Hythe; in woody 
lanes; and upon banks of the chalk: llev. G. E. Smith. — Leicestersh. In 
Swithland Slate Pits, Charnwood Forest near Leicester: Rev. A. Bloxam, in 
Loud. Mag. of Nat. Hist. v. iii. p. 167. — Middlesex ; On Hampstead Heath and 
Hornsey: Dr. Martin, in Miller’s Gard. Diet. — Norfolk ; About Bishopgate- 
street, Norwich : ibid. — Northamptonsh. At Weekly: ibid. — Notts; About 
Basford: ibid. — Shropsh. On walls at fiord’s Park: Mr. Porton, in Mid. FI. 
— Surrey; Near Croydon : Dr. Martyn. — Warwicksh. In a wet shady lane 
Fig. 1. Calyx. — Fig. 2. A separate Floret, magnified, showing the united an- 
thers, the style terminated by the two revolute stigmas; and at the base of the 
floret the germen, crowned with the simple, hair-like pappus. — Fig. 3. Seed. — 
Fig. 4. Expanded Calyx, showing the small naked receptacle. 
* From prenes, Gr. drooping, and anthos, Gr. a flower ; the blossoms 
drooping, or hanging down. + See Tussilago, Farfara, folio 91, note f- 
