or sometimes a little downy, especially the lower part, solid, milky, 
very slightly, if at all branched. Root-leaves (fig. 7.) numerous, 
heart or kidney-shaped, bluntly toothed, or notched ; on long, nar- 
row, strap-shaped foot-stalks. Stem-leaves (fig. 8.), lower ones 
spear-shaped, and slightly toothed; upper ones long, strap-shaped, 
pointed, entire, and very narrow, tapering at the base into short 
foot-stalks. Flowers in a loose drooping panicle ; blue, sometimes 
white, on long, slender, tremulous stalks, with an awl-shaped 
bractea (floral-leaf) to each. Segments of the Calyx (fig. 3.) 
strap-awl-shaped, entire, spreading. Corolla thrice as long as the 
calyx, twisted in decay. Capsule (figs. 4 & 5.) 3-celled. — It is 
observed by Dr. Hooker that the root-leaves soon wither, and thus 
this part of the specific character is often wanting %. 
A very dwarf variety of this species is sometimes met with on 
mountainous rocks and in barren ground ; it was observed in Scot- 
land by Mr. Ltghtfoot, previous to 1777, on the hill of Moncrief, 
near Perth, only about 2 inches high, and bearing but one flower. 
This was originally taken for Campanula uniflora of Linnaeus, a 
very different plant, by Mr. Hudson. — Mr. W. G. Perry has 
found the same variety in a stone-quarry in the Pigwells, at 
Warwick. 
Campanula pumila, of Curtis’s Botanical Magazine, t. 512, both 
the blue and the white flowered kinds of which are now common in 
our Gardens, was considered by Linnaeus as a variety of C. rotun- 
difolia ; this, however, has never been seen wild in Britain, and is 
doubtless a very distinct species, characterized, as Sir J. E. Smith 
observes, by the numerous serrated, inversely egg-shaped or spear- 
shaped stem-leaves, to say nothing of its smaller size, and brighter 
green hue. It is Campanula pus'illa of Jacquin’s Collectanea, 
v. ii. p. 79; and C. caspitdsa of Villars§, and of Scopoli||. 
It appears to have been the opinion of Dr. Withering, and many other 
Botanists, that Scilla nutans was the Blue-bell of Scotland ; but Dr. Johnson, 
the author of an excellent and interesting “ Flora of Berwick-upon-Tweed,” 
has proved, I think beyond a doubt, that Campanula rotundifilia is the true 
Blue-bell of that country. “ I have,” says this distinguished Botanist, 
“ spent nearly the whole of the days of my life in the extreme north of England, 
and in , the south of Scotland, and until science had made known to me another 
and a less interesting nomenclature, I knew the Campdnula only as the Blue- 
bell of my native land ; and a subsequent enquiry has satisfied me that 1 am 
correct. These heart-stirring and endearing names, I regret to add, are fast 
lapsing to oblivion, and, unless the local florist will commemorate them in Ins 
pages, our children will read our pastoral poets without knowledge of the ob- 
jects described.” Loudon's Mag. of Nat. Hist. v. iii. p. 461. 
t Linnjeus informs us that cows, goats, sheep, and horses eat this plant, but 
that swine refuse it, and that a green pigment is obtained from the flowers. 
Uredo Campanula: of Pkrsoon’s Synopsis Fungorum, p.217, andGnE- 
vicle’s Flora Edinensis, p. 440, is not uncommon on the inferior surface of the 
leaves of this and other species of Campanula about Oxford, in Summer and 
Autumn. It is a small parasitical fungus of a bright yellow colour when in a 
recent state, but soon after drying it becomes nearly white. 
6 Histoire des Plantes de Dauphinfi, vol. ii, p. 500. 
|| Flora Carniolica, 2nd ed. v. i. p. 143. 
