( 417 .) 
CICHO'RIUM* *. 
Linnean Class §■ Order. Syngf.ne'sia t^oLYGA'MiA^QUALisJ. 
Natural Order. CoMPo'siT.Eg, (Linn.) tribe, Cichora'cevE, 
Lindl. Syn. pp. 140 & 156. ; Introd. to Nat. Syst. of Bot. pp. 197 
and 201. — I.oud. Hort. Brit. pp. 520 and 521. — Mack. FI. Hibern. 
pp. 142 & 159. — Hook. Brit. FI. (4th ed.) p. 410. — CiCHORA'cEiE, 
Juss. Gen. PI. p. 158. — Sin. Gr. of Bot. p. 120. — Synanthe're.e, 
Rich, by Macgilliv. p. 454. — Syringales ; subord. Asteros.-e ; 
type, CichoracEjE ; Burn. Outl. of Bot. pp. 900, 901, & 935. 
Gen. Char. Involucrum ( common calyx ) (fig. 1.) cylindrical, 
double ; outermost of a few oblong, rather loose, shortish scales ; 
inner of 8 or more, longer, converging, strap-shaped, equal ones, 
permanent, at length recurved (see fig. 7). Corolla (fig. 2.) com- 
pound, of about 20 spreading, somewhat imbricated, strap-shaped, 
blunt, deeply 5-toothed, perfect florets. Filaments (see fig. 4.) 5, 
hair-like, very short. Jlnthers (see figs. 4 & 5.) in a 5-angled 
tube. Germen (see figs. 3 & 4.) inversely egg-shaped. Style 
(see figs. 3 & 4.) thread-shaped, as long as the stamens. Stigmas 
revolute. Seed-vessel none, except the converging calyx. Seed 
(see figs. 5 & 6.) top-shaped, striated, blunt, Pappus (down) 
(see fig. 6.) sessile, scaly, shorter than the seed. Receptacle (see 
fig. 8.) naked or rather hairy. 
The involucrum of about 8 scales, surrounded by 5 smaller ones 
at the base ; the top-shaped, striated seeds ; the sessile, scaly 
pappus, shorter than the seed ; and the naked or slightly hairy 
receptacle ; will distinguish this from other genera, with all the 
florets strap-shaped, in the same class and order. 
One species British. 
CICHO'RIUM FNTYBUS. Wild Succory. Chiccory. Wild 
Endive. 
Spec. Char. Flowers in pairs, axillary, nearly sessile. Leaves 
runcinate. 
Engl. Bot. t. 539. — Curt. FI. Lond. t. 241. — Mart. FI. Rust. t. 144. — Woodv. 
Med. Bot. Suppl. t. 248. — FI. Dan. t. 907. — Linn. Sp. PI. p. 1142. — Huds. FI. 
Angl. (2nd edit.) p. 348. — Willd. Sp. PI. v. iii. pt. in. p. 1628. — Sm. FI. Brit, 
v. ii. p. 843. — Engl. FI. v. iii. p. 379. — With. (7th ed. ) v. iii. p. 905. — Lindl. Syn. 
p. 162. — Hook. Brit. FI. p. 348. — Macr. Mau. Biit. Bot. p. 140. — Sibtli. FI. Oxon. 
p. 243. — Abb. FI. Bedf. p. 173. — Thomp. PI. of Berw. p. 80. — Thornt. Fain. Herb, 
p. 680, with a figure. — Davies’ Welsh Bot. p. 75. — Purt. Midi. FI. v. ii. p. 373. — 
ltelh. FI. Cant. (3rded.) p. 327.— Hook. FI. Scot. p. 234. — Grev. FI. Edin. p. 171. 
— FI. Devon, pp. 132 &. 156. — Johnst. Fi. of Berw. v. i. p. 177. — Winch’s FI. of 
Northumb. and Durh. p. 52. — Walker’s FI. of Oxf. p. 227. — Loud. Encycl. of 
Gard. (new ed.) p. 859. — Perry’s PI. Varvic. Selectai, p. 67. — Pamp. Catal. of PI. 
of Battersea, p. 14. — Bab. FI. Bath. p. 29. ; Prim. FI. Sam. p. 56.- — Lindl. FI. Med. 
p. 470. — Irv. Lond. FI. p. 152. — Luxf. Reig. FI. p. 68. — Cow. FI. Guide, p. 27. — 
Baines’ Flora of Yorkshire, p. 65. — Leight. FI. of Shropsh. p. 397. — Mack. Catal. 
of PI. of Irel. p. 71. ; FI. Hibern. p. 166. — Cichorium sylvestre, Ray’s Syn. p. 
172. — Johns. Ger. p. 284. — Bauh. Hist. v. ii. p. 1007. f. 1008. — Gray’s Nat. Arr. 
v. ii. p. 432. — Cichorium sylvestre, sive officinarum, Bauh. Pin. p. 125. 
Fig. 1. Involucrum. — Fig. 2. Corolla. — Fig. 3. A separate Floret. — Fig. 4. Sta- 
mens and Pistil. — Figs. 5 & 6. Seed. — Fig. 7. Involucrum and Seed. — Fig. 8. A 
vertical section of the Involucrum, showing the Receptacle. — Figs. 4 & 6, are a 
little magnified. 
* From chikouryek, the Arabic name. t See fol. 91, n. +. 
t See fol. 147, note t. ? See fol. 27, a. 
