( 452 .) 
CYPE'RUS* * 
Linnean Class and Order. TruA'NDRiAf, Monogy'nia. 
Natural Order. Cypera'ce.-eJ, Juss . — Lindl. Syn. p.278.; 
Introd. to Nat. Syst. of Bot. p. 304. — Rich, by Macgilliv. p. 392. — 
Loud. Hort. Brit. p. 541. — Mack. FI. Hibern. p. 318. — Hook. Brit. 
FI. (4th ed.) p.427. — Cyperoide.e, Juss. Gen. PI. p. 26. — Sm. Gr. 
of Bot. p. 68. — Cyperales ; sect. Cyperina; ; type, Scirpacea: ; 
Burn. Outl. of Bot. v. i. pp. 354 & 357- — Calamarial, Linn. 
Gen. Char. Spikelets (fig. 1.) mostly strap-shaped, compress- 
ed, of numerous flowers (see fig. 2). Glumes (see fig. 2.) of one 
valve, uniform, keeled, imbricated in 2 opposite ranks, all perfect, 
except one or two at the bottom. Filaments (see fig. 2.) 2 or 3, 
short. Anthers strap-shaped. Germen (see figs. 2 & 3.) round- 
ish, without bristles beneath. Style (see fig. 3.) simple at the base, 
deciduous. Stigmas (see fig. 3.) 2 or 3. Seed pointed, smooth, 
loose. 
The 2-ranked, many-flowered spikelets ; the glumes of 1 valve, 
equal, and nearly all fertile ; and the inarticulated, deciduous style, 
without bristles ; will distinguish this from other genera in the 
same class and order. 
Two species British. 
CYPE'RUS LO'NGUS. Long Cyperus. ’ Sweet Cyperus. Eng- 
lish Galingale. 
Spec. Char. Stem triangular. Spikelets strap-spear-shaped, 
nearly upright, in doubly compound umbels. General Iuvolucrum 
very long, leafy ; partial one small. 
Engl. Bot. t. 1309. — Jacq. Icon. Ror. t. 297. — Johnson’s Gerarde, p. 30 t. — 
Ray’s Syn. p. 425. — Linn. Sp. PI. p. 67. — Huds. Ft. Angt. ^2nd ed.) p. 17. — Willd. 
Sp. 11. v. i. pt. i. p. 285. excl. Rottb. Syn. — Sm. Ft. Brit. v. i. p. 47. ; Engl. FI. 
v. i. p. 53. — With. (7tli ed.) v. ii. p. 106. — Gray’s Nat. Arr. v. ii. p. 70. — Lindl. 
Syn. p. 279. — Hook. Brit. Ft. p. 19. — Macr. Man. Brit. Bot. p. 245. — Schrad. 
Germ. v. i. p. 120. — Rev. G. E. Smith’s PI. of S. Kent. p. 3. — Bab. Prim. Ft. Sam. 
p. 101. — Irv. Lond. FI. p. 217. — Cyperus longus odoratus, Bauh. Theat. p. 216. — 
Moris, v. iii. p. 237. sect. 8. t. It. f. 13. — Cyperus odoratus, radice long a, 
Scheuchz. Agrost. p. 378. t. 8. f. 12. 
Localities. — In marshes, but very rare. — Kent ; This rare and very elegant 
Grass is spread over a confined, black, boggy track at Whiting Brooks, above the 
Warren, near Seabrooke : Rev. G. E. Smith. — Somerset; In an old fish-pond 
at the back of a cottage at Walton-in-Gordano : B. G. — Wilts; In 1839, Mr. 
Peete found about a quarter of an acre of Cyperus longus, within a quarter of 
a mile of Boyton House: Mr. \V. Pamplin, jnn. in N. B. G. — WALES. 
Pembrokeshire ; By a little rivulet that runs into Whitsand Bay, between SL 
David's Town and St. David’s Head: Sir John Cullum. 
Perennial. — Flowers in July and August. 
Root moderately creeping, aromatic, and astringent. Culm (stem ) 
from 2 to 3 feet high, simple, without joints, triangular, smooth, 
shining, leafy and sheathing at the bottom. Leaves long, and nar- 
row, striated, very rough on the upper surface and at the margins, 
Fig. 1. A Spikelet. — Fig. 2. A separate Flower. — Fig. 3. Germen, Style, and 
Stigma. — Figs. 2 & 3, magnified. 
* From kyparos, Gr. a vase, or round vessel ; in allusion to the form of the 
root. f See fob 56, note t. t See fob 436, a. 
