( 458 .) 
BHA-'SSICA * * 
Linnean Class and Order. TETRADYNA'.MiAf, Siliquo'sa*. 
Natural Order. Cruci'fer.e§, Juss. Gen. PI. p.237. — Sm- 
Gram, of Bot. p. 138. ; Engl. FI. v. iii. p. 153. — Rich, by Macgilliv- 
p. 498. — Crucifkr.f : subord. Orthoplo'ceveH ; tribe, Brassi. 
ckj., Lindl. Syn. pp. 20 & 32 ; Introd. to Nat. Syst. of Bot. pp. 
1 1 to 18. — Loud. Hort Brit, pp. 498 & 499- ; Mag. Nat. Hist. v. i 
pp. 143 & 240. — Don’s Gen. Svst. of Gard. and Bot. v. i. pp. 146 
and 150 — Mack. FI. Hibern. p. 16&27. — Hook. Brit. FI. (4th ed.) 
pp. 397 & 398. — Rosales; subord. Rhceados.e; sect. Rh,ea- 
din.e; type, Brassicace.e ; subtype, Raphanid.-e ; Burn. Outl. 
of Bot. v. ii. pp. 614, 784, 847, 853, & 860. — Siliquos.e, Linn. 
Gen. Char. Calyx (see figs. 1 & 2.) inferior, equally protu- 
berant at the base, of 4 oblong, concave sepals, converging in their 
lower part, spreading in the upper, deciduous. Corolla (see fig. 2.) 
of 4 inversely egg-shaped, spreading, undivided petals, with up- 
right, channelled claws (see fig. 3). Filaments (see figs. 1 & 4.) 6, 
2 shorter than the other 4, awl-shaped, simple, upright. Anthers 
oblong, nearly upright, a little recurved. Glands (see fig. 4.) 4 ; 
2 at the inside of the shorter filaments, 2 at the outside of the 
longer. Germen (see fig. 5.) cylindrical, the lengih of the longest 
stamens. Style tapering, making a beak to the pod. Stigma ca- 
pitate, entire. Pod (see fig. 6.) nearly cylindrical, beaked, of 2 
concave valves, and 2 longitudinal cells, besides one in the beak, 
wh’di is often barren (see fig. 7). Seeds (see figs. 7 & 8.) in a 
single row, nearly globular, with one or more occasionally in the 
beak. Cotyledons (see figs. 9 & 10.) folded together, incumbent, 
their double edges meeting the radicle (o > > ). 
The closed calyx ; the nearly cylindrical, 2-valved pod, crowned 
with a barren, or single-seeded, beak ; and the globose seeds in a 
single row; will distinguish this from other genera, with folded, in- 
cumbent cotyledons, in the same class and order. 
Six species British. See Hook. Brit. FI. (4th ed.) p. 256. 
BRA'SSICA RAPA. Common Turnip. Rape. Knolles. 
Spec. Char. Root stem-like, fleshy, orbicular, depressed. Root- 
leaves lyrate, rough with bristly hairs ; those of the stem smooth ; 
the uppermost entire. 
Engl. Bot. t. 2176.— Mart. FI. Rust. t. 49 & 50.— Linn. Sp. PI. p. 931.— Huds- 
FI. Angl. (2nd ed.) p. 286 — Willd. Sp. PI. v. iii. pt. I. p. 548.— Sm. FI. Brit. v. ii. 
p. 719. ; Engl. FI. v. iii. p. 217. — With. (7th ed.) v. iii. p. 783. — Lindl. Syn. p. 
32. — Hook. Brit. FI. p. 308. — Dec. Prod. v. i. p. 214. — Don’s Gen. Syst. of Gard. 
and Bot. v. i. p. 242. — Maer. Man. Brit. Bot. p. 21. — Bryant’s FI. Diffitetica, pp. 26 
Fig. 1. Calyx. — Fig. 2. Corolla. — Fig. 3. A separate Petal. — Fig. 4. Stamen s 
and Pistil. — Fig. 5. Germen. — Fig. 6. Pod. — Fig. 7. Same with the valves sepa- 
rated. — Fig. 8. Seed. — Fig. 9. The folded incumbent Cotyledons. — Fig. 10. Trans- 
verse section of the same. — Figs. 9 & 10, magnified. 
* From the Celtic Bresic, a cabbage, according to Theis. Dr. Withering 
says it is probably derived fiom brusso, Gr. to boil ; it being commonly so pre- 
paied as an esculent vegetable. -f- See fol. 38, n. t. J See fol. 62, n. J. 
? See fol. 38, a. || See fol. 336, n. ||. 
