( 402 .) 
PAN I CUM * *. 
Linnean Class and Order. TmA'NDRiAf, Digy'nia. 
Natural Order. Grami'ne.e, Juss. Gen. PI. p. 28. — Sm.Gram. 
of Hot. p. 68. ; Engl, FI. v. i. p. 71. — Lind!. Syn. p. 293. ; Introd. 
to Nat. Syst. of Bot. p. 292. — Loud. Hort. Brit, p.542. — Mack. FI. 
Hibern. p. 294. — Hook. Brit. FI. (4th ed.) p. 426. — Gramina, 
Linn. — Rich, by Macgill. p.393. — Graminales ; sect. Panicin.e; 
type, Miliace.e ; Burn. Outl. of Bot. v. i. pp. 359 & 366. 
Gen. Char. Panicle spiked; spikes compound. Calyx (see 
figs. 2 & 3.) 2-flowered, of 2 unequal glumes, the outer glume 
minute, (see fig. 1.) sometimes obsolete ; the inner much larger, 
concave, mucronate or awned (see figs. 2 & 3). Florets dissimilar ; 
outer with anthers only, or neuter, (see fig. 4), with 1 or 2 paleae, 
outer palea with the texture of the calyx, ribbed, more or less 
awned ; inner floret perfect, of 2 paleae, cartilagenous, enveloping 
and somewhat adhering to the fruit. Filaments (see fig. 5.) 3, 
hair-like, as long as the corolla. Anthers short, cloven at each end. 
Germen (see fig. 5.) egg-shaped. Styles (see fig. 5.) 2, distinct, 
awl-shaped, as long as the stamens. Stigmas feathery, tufted, 
short. Seed (see figs. 9 & 10.) somewhat egg-shaped, battened on 
one side, coated with the hardened corolla (see figs. 6, 7, and 8). 
The compound spike-like 'panicle, without bristly involucrums ; 
the calyx of 2 unequal glumes, containing 2 florets, one of which 
is neuter, or has anthers only ; and the other perfect, of 2 cartila- 
ginous paleae (valves) which envelope, and somewhat adhere to, 
the fruit ; will distinguish this from other genera in the same class 
and order. 
The absence of the bristly involucrum at the base of the spikelets 
will distinguish this genus from that of Setaria, (see t. 211. f. 2). 
One species British. 
PA'NICUM CRUS-GALLI. Cock’s-foot Panick-grass. Loose 
Panick-grass, 
Spec. Char. Spikes alternate, secund, divided or simple. 
Florets imbricated, the calyx, and outer valve of the corolla of the 
neuter floret hispid, awned, or mucronated ; inner valve (palea) 
of the perfect floret with a hispid mucro. Rachis hispid. Hooker. 
Engl. Bot. t. 876. — Curt. FI. Lonil. t, . — Knapp's Gram. Brit. t. 11. — Graves' 
Brit. Grasses, t. 12.— Linn. Sp. PI. p. 83. — lluds. FI Angl. (2nd ed. ) p. 24. — 
Willd. Sp. PI. v. i. pt. i. p. 337. — Sm. FI. Brit. v. i. p. 65. ; Engl. FI. v. i. p. 99. — 
With. (7th ed. ) v. li. p. 144. — Hook. Brit. FI. p. 39. — Schred. Germ. v. i, p. 243. — 
Leers' FI. Ileibor. p. 13. t. 2. f. 3. — Irv. Lund. FI. p. 96. — Pam pi. PI. of Battersea, 
p. 4. — Panicum sylvestre herbariorum , Park. Theatr. p. 1154, with a figure. — 
Panicum sylvestre , Johnson’s Gerarde, p. 85, with a figure. — Echinochloe Crus - 
Fig. 1. Small outer Glume of the Calyx. — Figs. 2 & 3. Larger Glume of the 
Calyx, accompanied by the Florets. — Fig. 4. A neuter Floret. — Fig. 5. Stamens 
and Pistils of a perfect Floiet. — Figs. 6, 7, and 8. Seed, inclosed in the hardened 
valves of the Corolla. — Figs. 9 & 10. The Seed removed from its covering. 
* From panis, bread ; the seeds of some species being used for bread, 
f See folio 45, note *f\ 
