galli, Roemer. Syst. Veg. v. ii. p. 478. — Gray’s Nat. Arr. v. ii. p. 157. — Lindt. 
Syn. p. 305. — Oplismenus Crus-galli, Macr. Man. Brit. Bot. p. 261. — Gramen 
paniceum, spicA divisd, Bauh. Pin. p. 8.; Theatr. p. 136, with a figure. — - 
Scheuchi. Agros. p. 49. — Ray’s Syn. p. 394. — Moris, v. iii. p. 189. n. 15. sect. 8. 
t. 4. f. 15. ; also n. 16. f. 16. 
Localities. — In moist arable land; very rare. — Essex; In a coppice near 
Purfleet: Dr. Miln. — Hants ; By a rivulet side near Petersfield : Mr. Goodyer, 
in Merr. Pin. p. 56. — Kent ; Thomas Willisell found it in Mr. Blesset’s 
garden between Deptford and Greenwich : Ray (1690). — Middlesex ; In a lane 
by the Neat-house Gardens, Chelsea ; Ray's Syn. (3rd ed.) p. 394. — Surrey ; 
In moist places about Battersea and Putney : Kev. J, Ligiitfoot. — Battersea 
Fields, in abundance ; 1831: Mr. W. Pamplin, jun. About Martha’s Chapel 
near Guildford: Hudson. 
Annual. — Flowers in July. 
Root fibrous. Culms ( stems J several, at first procumbent, finally 
almost upright, from 1 to 2 feet high, stout, leafy, jointed, smooth, 
with some tufts of radical leaves, and a few short, more spreading, 
stems, at their base. Leaves harsh, pointed, neither warty nor 
hairy, rough at the margins. Stipulas none. Sheaths large, com- 
pressed, striated, smooth. Panicle upright, rigid, composed of 
many unilateral, spike-like branches, of which the lower ones are 
rather distant, the upper crowded ; all with tufts of fine smooth 
bristles, originating in tubercles, at their base. Larger glume of the 
calyx (see figs. 2 and 3.) egg-shaped, concave, ribbed, bristly, 
pointed, or slightly awned ; smaller glume (see fig. 1.) cup-shaped, 
embracing the whole base of the flower. Perfect floret of 2, egg- 
shaped, awnless valves (paleae), very smooth and even, finally 
horny, coating the seed ; the larger concave, obscurely ribbed ; the 
inner smaller, flatli'h. Neuter floret of 2 very dissimilar valves 
(paleae) ; the outermost resembling the outer glume of the calyx, 
concave, libbed, bristly, indexed at the edges, and terminating in a 
rough, straight awn, generally short, as in the specimen figured, 
but sometimes very long, as in Leers’ fig. 3, in t. 2., and Mori- 
son’s fig. 16. ; the innermost rather smaller, thinner, flat, notched 
at the tip (see fig. 4). Stamens and Pistils (see fig. 5.) in the per- 
fect flowers only, about as long as the corolla. Filaments hair- 
like. Anthers cloven at each end, purplish. Germen (see fig. 5.) 
roundish. Styles very short. Stigmas feathered, and purplish. 
Seed rather large, shining, coated with the valves of the corolla, 
round on one side, and flat on the other, figs. 6, 7, 8. Figs. 9 and 
10, represent the seed when taken from its covering. See Sm. 
Engl. FL ; Curt. FI. Lond., Sfc. 
Panicum Crus-galli is a native of Virginia, the Cape of Good 
Hope, and several parts of Europe, as Sweden, Germany, Switzer- 
land, the South of France, and England. It produces abundance of 
rather large seeds, which are acceptable to small birds. Though 
not hitherto cultivated, Salisbury says it possesses qualities which 
render it worth attention. It stands dry weather better than most 
other grasses, will attain the height of four feet, and is not dis- 
agreeable to cattle. 
