Locality*.— On mounfainous heaths in the North, abundantly, both in the 
driest and most barren rocky soils, and in logs and moorish grounds. — Cheshire; 
Stayley and other moors, common : B. G. Mole-Cop, and oilier hills near 
Congleton: N. B. G. — Cumberland; Cross Fell; Kirkhouse; Brampton; 
Skiddaw; Causey Pike; and Styhead. It is frequent on the hills, ascending to 
the top of Saddleback : N. B. G. — Derbysh. Moors beyond Mam Tor and Win 
Hill, from Castleton : N. B. G. Moors above Buxton ; and near Chapel en le 
Frith: B. G. — Durham; On moors, frequent: B. G. — Hercfordsh. In the 
northern parts of the county : B.G. — Northumberland ; On moors, frequent : 
N. B. G. — Notts ; Sherwood Forest, near Mansfield ; in a fir plantation two 
miles from Mansfield; Fountain Dale; Oxton Bogs; and Nottingham Mea- 
dows: N. B. G. — Shropsh. On Selattyn Mountain; Bog near Kllesmere ; 
Stiperstones Hill; Castle Ringhills, near Stiperstones ; and Shomere Moss, 
near Shrewsbury ; FI. of S hr op. — Stajffordsh. On the bog at Willow Bridge: 
B. G. Molecop, and adjacent hilly moors; and on Charlley Moss: N. B. G. — 
Sussex ; Amberley Wild Brooks; Newberry, on theGreatham side of the ditch 
that bounds the two parishes, but in very small quantities: N. B.G. — I Var- 
wicksh. Sutton Coldfield: Bbee. — Westmoreland; Hay Fell: N. B.G. — 
Yorksh. Seamer Moor, and other moors near Scarbro’ ; Black Moor, above 
Kirkby Knowle; on all the moors near Settle; Cotherstone Fell; Cronkley 
Fell, bcc. On Otley Chevin On all the high moors in the neighbourhood of 
Halifax: FI. of Yorksh— Common in the mountainous parts of WALKS, 
SCOTLAND, and IRELAND. 
Shrub. — Flowers in April. 
A small, low, trailing, shrubby plant, with numerous, leafy, 
partly ascending, reddish branches, clothed more or less with mi- 
nute stipitate glands. Leaves crowded, scattered, or imperfectly 
whorled ; linear-oblong, blunt, on short petioles ; upper surface 
smooth, shining ; under surface with scattered minute dots or glands, 
margins with a dense downy fringe, and so much recurved as to 
meet behind, the fringe forming a white, strap-shaped, streak ; these 
characters may be best seen by making a transverse section of a 
leaf. Flowers purplish, small, axillary, solitary, almost sessile, 
several near together towards the summits of the branches, generally 
dioecious, sometimes united, or partially monoecious. Berries 
purplish-black, globose, of the size of Juniper-berries, accompanied 
at the base by the permanent calyx ; flesh rather firm, of a pale 
green, except in the centre, where it is purplish; receptacle co- 
lumnar, slender, with from 6 to 9 bony pale-coloured seeds fixed 
round it in a ring, and attached to it a little above the base (see 
fig. 5). 
This little Heath-like plant is a native of other noithern parts of Europe as 
well as of Britain. It is found in moors, from the Baltic to the Eastern Ocean, 
in Kamtschatka, and in the islands towards America. In the mountains of 
Lapland, and at the mines of Fahlun it will live where other plants perish with 
cold. The Scotch Highlanders and the Russian peasants eat the berries, which 
are esteemed antiscorbutic and diuretic; But they are no very desirable fruit, 
and if taken in large quantities, occasion head-ache. Grouse and heath-cocks 
feed on them ; and, boiled in alum-water, they afford a dark purple dye. In 
Iceland and Norway a sort of wine is prepared from them ; and Linnaeus 
mentions, that the Laplanders use them for dying otter and sable skins black. 
In Orkney very strong ropes are made from the shoots of this plant. It is the 
badge of the clan M'Lkan. — See Mart. Mill. ; Burn. Outl. of Bot. ; Loud. 
Arbor, et Frut. Brit. ; Sj Hook. Brit. FI. 
The Natural Order Empe'trf.® is composed of dwarf heath-like shrubs, 
with dioecious flowers composed of a perianthium of several hypogynous scales 
(see figs. 3 & 4.), often arranged in two rows; the stamens equal in number to 
the inner row. The ovary is free, on a fleshy disk ; with a single style ; and a 
stigma with as many divisions as there are cells. The fruit is fleshy, with 3, 6, 
pr 9 bony cells, each containing a single seed, ascending, with albumen. 
