( 473 .) 
SAUSSU'REA * * 
Linn. Class Order. Syngenk'sia f, Polyga'mia, AIqualis J 
Natural Order. Compo'sita:§, tribe, Cynarocephalae, Juss. 
— Lindl. Syn. pp. 140 & 152. ; Introd. to Nat. Syst. of Bot. pp. 197 
and 200. — Mack. FI. Hibern. pp. 142 & 154. — Hook. Brit. FI. (4th 
edit.) p. 410. — Compo'sit/F. ; subord. Cardua'ce.* : Loud. Hort. 
Brit. pp. 520 & 521. — Synanthk'reas ; tribe, Cynarocephala: ; 
Rich, by Macgilliv. pp. 454 & 455. — Cinarocephala?, sect. 1. 
Juss. Gen. PI. pp. 171 & 172. — Sm. Gram, of Bot. p. 121. ; Engl. 
FI. v. iii. p. 334. — Syringales ; type, Cynaraceas ; Burn. Outl. 
of Bot pp. 900 & 931. — Compo'sita, Linn. 
Gen. Char. Involucrum ( common calyx ) (fig. 1.) oblong, 
nearly cylindrical, of numerous imbricated, unarmed, permanent 
scales. Corolla compound, uniform ; Jlorets (see fig. 2.) rather 
numerous, perfect, equal, tubular, funnel-shaped ; the limb in 
5 deep equal segments. Filaments 5, hair-like, very short. Anthers 
united in a cylindrical tube, the length of the florets, setose below. 
(lermen (see fig. 2.) inversely egg-shaped. Style (see fig. 2.) 
thread-shaped, scarcely prominent. Stigma oblong, reflexed. Seed 
inversely esrg-shaped, somewhat angular. Pappus (see fig. 2.) 
double, sessile ; outer of short rough bristles ; inner (see figs. 2 & 3.) 
long and feathery. Receptacle bristly or chaffy. 
The oblong involucrum of numerous, imbricated, unarmed scales ; 
the sessile pappus in two rows ; the outer of short rough bristles, 
the inner long and feathery; and the scaly receptacle ; will dis- 
tinguish this from other genera, with the florets all tubular, in the 
same class and order. 
This differs from Serratula (t. 174.) in the pappus being double, 
in two unequal rows. 
One species British. 
SAUSSU'REA ALPINA. Alpine Saussurea. Alpine Sow-wort. 
Dock-leaved Thistle-gentle. 
Spec. Char. Leaves spear-shaped, toothed, cottony beneath ; 
those of the root egg-spear-shaped, stalked. Flowers in a clustered 
umbel. 
Saussukea alpina, De Cand. — Lin dl. Syn. p. 152. — Ilook. Brit. FI. p. 349. — 
Macr. Man. Brit. Bot p. 136 — Irv. Lond. FI. p. 273. — Mack. FI. Hibern. p. 154. — 
Serratula alpina, Engl. Bot. t. 599. — FI. Dan. t. 37. — Linn. Sp. PI. p. 1145. — 
FI. Lapp. (2nd ed.) p. 241. ; FI. Suec. p. 278. — Huds. FI. Angl (2nd ed.) pp. 349 
and 657. — Willd. Sp. PI. v. iii. pt. III. p. 1641. — Sm. FI. Brit, v ii. p. 846. ; Engl. 
FI. v. iii. p. 383. — With. (7tl\ ed.) v. iii. p. 907. — Liglitf. FI. Scot. v. i. p. 448. 
t. 19. — Hook. FI. Scot. p. 235. — Mack. Catal. PI. of Irel. p. 71. — Bennettia 
alpina, Quay’s Nat. Arr. v.ii. p. 440. — Cirsium humile montanum, Cynoglossi 
folio, polyanthemum, Ray’s Syn. p. 193. — Dill. Elth. v. i. p. 82. t. 70. — Cirsium 
alpinum, Boni Henrici folio, Tourn. Inst. p. 448. — Carduo-cirsium minus, 
cambro-britannicum. floribus plurimis summo caule congestis, Pink. Almag. 
p. 83. ; Phyt. t. 154. f. 3. — Carduus mollis, folds lapathi, Johnson’s Gerarde, 
p. 1184, with a fig. — Carduus mollis, lapathi folio, Bauh. Hist. v. iii. p. 46. 
f. 47. — Carduus mollis Hore cceruleo, Merr. Pin. p. 21. 
Fig 1. Involucrum, inclosing the florets.— Fig. 2. A separate Floret, with its 
Germen and Pappus. — Fig. 3. A single, feathery, inner hair of the Pappus. 
* So named in honour of the two Savsslres, father and son. 
+ See fol. 91, note +. } See fol. 147, note J. $ See fol. 27, a. 
