( 477 .) 
CYNOGLO'SSUM * *. 
Linnean Class and Order. Penta'ndria f, Monogy'nia. 
Natural Order. Boragi'nea5 Juss. Gen. PI. p. 128. — Sm. 
Gram, of Bot. p. 102. — Lind I. Syn. p. 163.; Introd. to Nat. Syst. 
of Bot. p. 241. — Rich, by Macgilliv. p. 440. — Loud. Hort. Brit, 
p. 527. — Don’s Gen. Syst. of Card, and Bot. v. iv. p. 306. — Mack. 
FI. Hibern. p. 167.— Hook. Brit. FI. (4th ed.) p. 413.— Aspkrifo- 
LiiE, Linn. — Sm. Engl FI. v. i. p.247. — Syringales; subord. 
Primulos.4? ; sect. Solanina; ; type, Boraginacea: ; Burn. Outl. 
of Bot. v. ii. pp. 900, 958, 982 & 1005. 
Gen. Char. Calyx (see figs. 1 & 6.) inferior, of 1 sepal, in 
5 deep, oblong, slightly pointed segments, permanent. Corolla 
(fig. 2 & 4.) of 1 petal, funnel-shaped, scarcely longer than the 
calyx ; tube cylindrical, shorter than the limb, which is divided 
half-way down into 5 rounded segments (see fig. 4.) ; mouth about 
half closed with as many convex, horizontal valves. Filaments 
(see fig. 4.) 5, in the throat of the corolla, lower than the valves, 
and alternate with them. Anthers roundish. Germens (see fig. 5.) 
4, depressed, horizontal. Style (see fig. 5.) central, awl-shaped, 
almost as long as the tube of the corolla, permanent (see fig. 6). 
Stigma small, notched. Nuts ( seeds, Sm.J (see figs. 3, 7, & 8.) 4, 
1-celled, depressed, roundish. Imperforate at the base, more or 
less rough with hooked prickles, sometimes bordered, all attached 
horizontally to a central columnar receptacle, formed of the hardened 
permanent, angular style (see fig. 6). 
The 5-cleft calyx ; the monopetalous, inferior, short, funnel- 
shaped corolla , its mouth half closed with rounded valves ; and the 
4 depressed, imperforate nuts, fixed to the style, or central column ; 
will distinguish this from other genera in the same class and order. 
Two species British. 
CYNOGLO'SSUM OFFICINA'LE. Common Hound’s-tongue. 
Great Hound’s-tongue. Dog's-tongue. 
Spec. Char. Stem upright. Stem-leaves broadly spear-shaped, 
sessile, downy. Flowers without bracteas. Stamens shorter than 
the corolla. 
Engl. Bot. t. 921. -Curt. FI. Lond. t. 249.— FI. Dan. t. 1147.— Woodv. Med. 
Bot. Suppl. t. 216. — Linn. Sp. PI. p. 192. — Iluds FI. Angl. (2nd ed.) p. SO. a. — 
Willd. Sp. PI. v. i. pt. It. p. 760, a. — Sin. FI. Brit. v. i. p. 216. : Engl. FI. v. i. 
p. 260. — With. (7th cd.) v. ii. p. 281. — Gray’s Nat. Arr. v. ii. p. 349. — Lindl. Syn. 
p. 166. — Hook. Brit. FI. p. 87. — Maer. Man. Brit Bot. p. 163. — Don's Gen. Syst. 
of Gard. and Bot. v. iv. p. 354. — Lightf. FI. Scot. v. i. p. 133. — Sibth. FI. Oxon. 
Fig. 1. Calyx. —Figs. 2 & 4 Corolla. — Fig. 5. Germen, Style, and Stigma. — 
Fig. 3. The four Nuts. — Fig. 6, Calyx and Receptacle, after the nuts are detached. 
— Figs. 7 & 8. Two separate Nuts. — Fig. 9. Transverse section of a Nut. — Fig. 10. 
Ditto, with the seed taken out. — Fig. 11. A Seed. — Fig. 12. The Embryo. — 
Fig. 13. One of the Prickles of the Nut. — Figs. 9 to 13, more or less magnified. 
* From kyon kunos, Gr. a dug ; and glossa , Gr. a tongue ; from the shape 
of the leaves of many of the species. 
•)- Sec fol. 48, note f. 
} Sec fol. 102, a. 
