( 4 * * 8 .) 
ECFIINO'PHORA * 
tjinnean Class and Order. Penta'ndria f, Digy'nia. 
Natural Order. Umbelli'fer.'e +, Juss. Gen. PI. p. 218. — Sm. 
Gram, of Bot. p. 132. — Lindl. Syn. p. 111.; Introd. to Nat. Syst. 
of Bot. p. 4. — Rich, by Macgilliv. p. 463- — Loud. Hort. Brit. p. 
515. — Don’s Gen. Syst. of Gard. and Bot. v. iii. p. 235. — Mack. 
Pi. Hibern. p. 113. — Hook. Brit. FI. (4th ed.) p.408. — Umbellate, 
Linn. — Rosales; sect. Angelicinte ; type, Smyrniacea;; 
Burn. Outl. of Bot. v. ii. pp. 614, 770, and 780. 
Gen. Char. Flowers separated ; those of the circumference 
numerous, sterile (see fig. 6.) ; the outermost (see fg. 3 ) irregular, 
often neuter ; central (see fig. 2.) solitary, fertile. Calyx (see figs. 
2 & 5.) superior, of 5, nearly equal, spinous-pointed, rigid, perma- 
nent teeth. Petals in the outermost flowers (see figs. 3 & 4.) un- 
equal, each unequally heart-shaped, from the strong inflexion of 
the jagged point (see fig. 4.) ; in the rest of the barren ones equal 
inflexed (see fig. 6.) ; in the central one (fig. 2.) wanting. Fila- 
ments (see fig. 6.) 5, in the flowers of the circumference only, 
longer than the petals, thread-shaped, indexed, equal. Anthers of 
2 roundish lobes. Gennen (see fig. 5.) inferior, turbinate, in the 
flower of the circumference abortive; in the central one (fig. 2.) 
imbedded in the base of the flower. Styles upright, somewhat 
unequal ; in the central flower (fig. 2.) longest, awl-shaped, a little 
recurved, permanent. Stigmas blunt. Fruit (see figs. 7 & 8.) 
egg-shaped, nearly round, inclosed in a hollow receptacle, furnished 
with a short protruded beak. Carpels with 5 depressed, equal, 
undulated ribs. Interstices with single villa, which are covered 
by a cobwedded membrane. Universal and partial involucrums 
constantly of many leaves. 
The 5-toothed calyx; the emarginate petals with an indexed 
point, the outer ones larger and bifid ; the elongated, filiform styles 
of the fertile flowers ; the egg-shaped fruit, inclosed in a hoilow 
receptacle, with a short protruded beak ; the carpels with 5 waved, 
equal, depressed ribs ; and the interstices with single vittae, which 
are covered with a cobwebbed membrane ; will distinguish this 
from other genera in the same class and order. 
One species British. 
ECHINO'PHORA SPINO'SA. Spinous Sea-parsnip. Prickly 
Samphire. 
Spec. Char. Plant glaucous, finely downy. Leaves bipinna- 
tifid ; segments awl-shaped, entire, stiff, spinous-pointed. Involucral 
leaves entire, spinous. 
Fig. 1. Universal Involucrum. — Fig. 2. A Fertile Flower. — Fig. 3. A neutral 
one. — Fig. 4. A Petal of ditto. — Fig. 5. Germen and Calyx. — Fig. 6. A Sterile 
Flower. — Fig. 7. A Fruit, enclosed in the ripened involucellum. — Fig. 8. The 
same, with the involucellum opened. 
* From echinos, Gr. a hedge-hog ; and phero, Gr. to bear ; in allusion to the 
strong stiff spines of the involucrum. 
f See fol. 48, note -|\ 
; See fol. 235, a. 
