FI. Bvit. v. ii. p. 8G0. — Willd. Sp. PI. v. iii. pt. in. p. 1709. — With. (7th eil.) v. iii. 
p. 920. — Davies’ Welsh Bot. p. 76. — FI. Devon, p. 135. — Athanasia maritima, 
Linn. Sp. Pi. p. 1182. — Ftlago maritimn, Linn. Sp. PI. (1st ed.) p. 927.— Mill. 
Icon. p. 90. t. 135. — Gnaphalium maritimum, Bauli. Pin. p. 263. — Ray’s Syn. 
p. 180.— Bauh. Hist. v. iii. pt. i. p. 157, with a figure. — Gnaphalium marinum, 
Johnson’s Gerardo, p. 640. f. 3. — Gnaphalium legitimum, Gant. v. ii. p. 391. 
t. 165. — Clust. Hist. v. i. p. 329, with a figure. — Chrysanthemum perenne 
gnaphaloides maritimum, Moris, v. iii. p. 21. sect. 6. t. 4. f. 47. — Polium 
gnaphaloides, Alpin. Exot. p. 147. t. 146. — Sea Cotton-weed, Petiv. H. Brit, 
t. 20. f. 8. 
Localities. — Sandy sea-shores, principally on the east and south of England, 
rare. — Cornwall ; On the gravelly shore between Penzance and St. Michael’s 
Mount: Ray; 1690. I did not observe it there: Mr. H. C. Watson, in 
N. B.G.; 1835. — Devon; On theDevonshireCoast: Dr. Witheiiinc.— Dorset ; 
Near Pool : Hudson. On the Burton and Bridport Sands : Rev. Balk Wel- 
land. Near Burton, by Biidport: Rev. J. Liohtfoot. — Essex; At Land- 
guard Fort : Mr. T. F. Fohsteh, jun. — Kent ; In the Isle of Sliepey : Hudson. 
— Suffolk /On the beach just above high-water mark, one mile north of Land- 
guard Fort, 1793; also between Lowestoft and Pakefield, and on other parts of 
the Suffolk coast: Sir J. E. Smith. Aldborougli, and Orford, near the Light 
Houses: Rev. G. Charbe. Beach at Dunwich, plentifully: Mr. Davy. — 
WALES. Anglesea ; On the sand near Abermenai Ferry, plentifully : Ray. 
Now become very scarce below Llanfaelog, where Mr. BnEWEn *' found it in 
great plenty for a mile together,” on Sept. 5, 1727 : Rev. II. Davies. 
Perennial. — Flowers in August and September. 
Root woody, branched, descending to a great depth in the sand- 
Stems from 6 inches to a foot high, recumbent at the base, brittle, 
cylindrical, very leafy, branched ; branches upright, corymbose. 
Leaves numerous, scattered, somewhat 4-ranked, sessile, oblong, 
blunt, flat, crenate, withering, permanent, clothed like every other 
part of the plant, with a dense, white, cottony down. Flowers bright 
yellow, in terminal corymbose tufts. Involucrum densely woolly, 
almost concealing the small yellow florets, which are remarkably 
prolonged down the sides of the germen (see fig. 4.), forming two 
ear-like appendages, which finally form a border to the seed. 
Receptacle small, nearly globular, with strap-shaped, chaffy scales, 
about as long as the involucrum, smooth in the lower part, cottony 
in the upper. 
This plant is a native of the south of Europe, and is said to grow 
in great plenty on the borders of the Mediterranean sea. Sir J. E. 
Smith says, that it is generally taken for the original ancient 
Gnaphalium of Dioscorides, it being frequent on all the shores 
of the Archipelago; and this opinion is confirmed by Tourne- 
fort, in his Voyage into the Levant, English 4to. ed. v. i. p. 21 ; 
8vo. ed. v. i. p. 27. It was this celebrated French Botanist who 
detected the 2 spurs on the tube of each floret, which form a sort 
of wings to the seed, a character on which the present genus is 
founded. 
