Humphrey : Durability of American Woods 
91 
pine, a close relative of the shortleaf, and apparently quite resin- 
ous, lost 39.6 per cent. The durability of bigtree wood (35.1 per 
cent.) did not fully meet expectations. Other interesting fea- 
tures of the tests were as follows : 
The sapwood of white cedar proved highly durable, standing 
out in marked contrast to that of any other species tested. 
The sapwood of Port Orford cedar, bigtree, western red cedar, 
junipers, and hard pines was very susceptible to decay. 
The sapwood of Douglas fir fell in the same class as the true 
spruces, firs, and hemlocks. 
The heavy, hard, yellowish heartwood of California juniper was 
considerably more durable than the softer, reddish heartwood of 
western juniper. 
Further tests on the heartwood of such species as Port Orford 
cedar, white cedar, western red cedar, western juniper, Douglas 
fir, pitch pine, and western white pine are necessary before safe 
comparisons can be made. 
The common names for woods listed above are, for the most 
part, those recommended by G. B. Sudworth of the United States 
Forest Service. The corresponding botanical names, source and 
laboratory number are as follows : 
White cedar, Thuja occidentalis L Wis. 124 
Western red cedar, Thuja plicata Don Mont. 224—8 
Bigtree, Sequoia washingtoniana (Winsl.) Sudw Cal. 40 
Alpine fir, Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Niitt Colo. 15-1 
Grand “ Abies grandis Lindl Mont. / 
L 10-9-30 
Noble “ Abies nobitis Lindl Wash. 77 
Eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr Tenn. 226-9 
Western " Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg Mont. 136 
Mountain “ Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carr Wash. 13-4 
California juniper, Juniperus calif arnica Carr Cal. 142 
Western “ Juniperus occidentalis Hook Cal. 121 
European larch, Larix europaea D. C Wis. 126 
Western yellow pine, Pinus ponderosa Laws Mont. 224-21 
Lodgepole “ Pinus contorta Loud Mont. 10-2 
Longleaf “ Pinus palustris Mill La. 176—38 
Pitch “ Pinus rigida Mill Tenn. 136 
Norway " Pinus resinosa Ait Wis. 127 
Shortleaf “ Pinus echinata Mill Ark. 203-1 
Western white " Pinus inonticola Dougl Mont. 224—2 
Sugar “ Pinus lambertiana Dougl Cal. 122 
