208 Annual Report for 1907 of Royal Veterinary College. 
In conclusion it ought to be pointed out, however, that all 
animals which have thus been vaccinated against redwater, and 
all those which have been grazed on infected pasture, are cap- 
able of carrying the seeds of the disease to pasture previously 
healthy, provided they carry ticks with them or ticks are 
already there. This danger scarcely exists in moving infected 
animals to land subject to rotation of crops, for ticks cannot 
there permanently establish themselves, but the risk is a very 
real one when infected cattle are moved to permanent pasture 
or moorland. 
The Transmissibility of Bovixe Tuberculosis 
TO Man. 
It will be remembered that in the course of an address 
delivered at the Congress for the study of Tuberculosis in 
London, in July, 1901, Professor Koch renounced the opinion 
which he had formerly expressed regarding the identity of 
human and bovine tuberculosis, and openly declared that the 
question whether man could be infected from cattle was un- 
proved, but that if such transmission ever took place the 
occurrence was so rare that it was not advisable to take any 
measures against it. 
The controversy which was then started has been since 
maintained, but fortunately it appears to be drawing to a close, 
at least with regard to the main point of dispute. As a result 
of Koch’s pronouncement a Eoyal Commission was appointed 
in this country in the autumn of 1901 to investigate the relation- 
ship between human and animal tuberculosis, and it has since 
been continuously engaged with this problem. Simultaneously 
experiments bearing on the same question have been carried on 
in Germany, and during the course of the present year both the 
English* * and the German^ Commissions have published exhaus- 
tive reports giving the result of their researches to date. 
The general plan of the experiments carried out in the two 
countries was substantially the same, aiid, as might have been 
expected where competent workers were engaged, the results 
are also in close agreement. The English Royal Commission 
made a painstaking investigation of sixty cases of tubei-culosis 
occurring in human beings, and came to the conclusion that 
in fourteen of these the bacilli which caused the disease had 
been derived from cattle. The German Commission similarly 
investigated sixty-seven cases of the disease in man, and in 
eleven of these they found bacilli which were identified by 
them as bovine bacilli. In two of these eleven cases the 
patient had been infected both from a human and a bovine 
* Royal Commission on Tuberculosis. Second Interim Report. 
* Tuberkulose-Arbeiten aus dem Kaiserlichen (lesundheitsamte. 6 Heft. 
