THE FOREST. 
209 
ther in that direction it is very abundant, but along the coiuse 
of the river, southward from the lake, to a distance of more than 
a hundred miles, we do not remember to have seen it. We have 
also but one pine, though that one is the chief of its family ; the 
noble white pine, the pride of the Alleghanies ; neither the yellow, 
the pitch, nor the red pine is known here, so far as one can dis- 
cover. The arbor vitae is also unknown. It has been thought by 
some of our neighbors that the evergreens diminish in numbers 
as the old woods are cut away, the deciduous trees gaining upon 
them ; but looking about at the young thrifty groves of pine seen 
in every direction, there does not seem much reason to fear that 
they w'ill disappear. They shoot up even in the cleared fields, 
here and there, and we have observed in several instances, that 
in spots where old pine woods had been cut down, close thickets 
of young trees of the same kind have succeeded them. 
The oak of several varieties, white, black, the scarlet, and the 
red ; the beech, the chestnut ; black and white ashes ; the lime 
or bass-wood; the white and the slippery elms; the common 
aspen, the large-leaved aspen ; the downy -leaved poplar, and the 
balm of Gilead poplar; the white, the yellow, and the black 
birches, are all very common. The sumach and the alder abound 
everywhere. But the glossy leaves of the maple are more nu- 
merous than any others, if we include the whole family, and with 
the exception of the western or ash-leaved maple, they all grow' 
here, from the fine sugar maple to the dwW mountain maple : 
including them all, then, perhaps they munber two for one of any 
other deciduous tree found here. They sow themselves very 
freely ; in the spring one finds the little seedling maples coming 
up everywhere. With the exception of the chestnut, the nut trees 
