Apples. 
39 
the  whole  o£  the  year,  and  for  this  reason  is  an  established 
favourite  with  the  public.  Standard  apples,  and  bush  trees 
of  some  kinds,  are  raised  on  the  crab  stock  owing  to  its  hardy 
constitution.  Apples,  however,  may  be  grown  on  stocks  of 
other  apples,  but  it  is  inadvisable  to  raise  trees  from  pips 
obtained  from  the  mash  of  cider  factories  as  failure  often 
results,  and  it  is  therefore  a better  j)lan  to  work  on  the  crab. 
Some  kinds  of  apple  trees,  such  as  Annie  Elizabeth,  if  they 
are  procurable  in  any  number,  make  excellent  stocks  for 
other  varieties. 
Bush  trees  are  for  the  most  part  grown  on  the  English 
Paradise  stock,  grafted  close  to  the  ground.  The  French 
Paradise  should  be  carefully  avoided  as  it  is  of  too  dwarfing  a 
nature. 
The  apple  does  not  flourish  on  very  shallow  soils,  nor  will 
it  succeed  on  wet  or  water-loggetl  land  ; otherwise  it  can  be 
orown  on  most  various  soils  intermediate  between  these  two 
extremes.  Even  in  the  north  examples  are  shown  which  ecpial 
in  quality  and  colour  fruit  grown  in  the  west  and  south. 
Varieties  of  Apples. — The  varieties  of  aj)j)les  are  numerous, 
but  it  is  advisable  to  grow  only  a few  kinds  of  the  best  quality, 
unless  any  certain  kind  of  apple  has  a local  reputation,  or 
succeeds  well  in  the  neighbourhood.  Most  apples,  with  a few 
exceptions,  will  succeed  equally  in  the  north  as  in  the  south, 
and  in  looking  over  lists  of  apples  grown  in  the  two  extremes  of 
climate  there  aj>pears  a remarkable  similarity  in  the  sorts  grown, 
which  is,  without  doubt,  owing  to  their  superior  quality  and  the 
demand  that  arises  for  them.  Mr.  Gladstone  and  Bed  June- 
eating  are  good  kinds  for  early  work  among  dessert  varieties, 
followed  by  Devonshire  Quarrenden,  which,  however,  is  a 
shy  bearer  in  some  localities  ; Worcester  Pearmain,  the  most 
popular  mid-season  variet}-,  whose  colour  is  most  attractive, 
crops  heavily  and  in  a short  space  of  time  ; Summer  Golden 
Pippin  is  a favourite  market  sort ; Wealthy  is  an  apple  that 
deserves  further  recognition ; Gascoigne’s  Scarlet  Seedling 
is  an  ornamental  kind  ; Beauty  of  Kent  is  another  fine  sort 
that  is  somewhat  neglected  ; King  of  the  Pij)pins,  and 
Adam’s  Pearmain  are  good  sorts ; and  Blenheim  Orange, 
although  the  tree  is  slow  in  bearing,  eventually  pays  well  for 
planting.  Cox’s  Orange  Pippin  is  the  finest  dessert  apple,  but 
it  does  not  succeed  on  badly  drained  or  heavy  clay  land,  where 
that  valuable  and  more  robust  apple,  Allington  Pippin,  thrives 
better.  Uoundway’s  Magnum  Bonum  is  an  apple  of  superior 
