Pears;  Plums. 
41 
perry  making.  Taynton  Squash,  Thurston  Hed,  Oldfield, 
Moorcroft,  Barland,  and  Longland  are  favourite  varieties  for 
this  piirpose  ; they  are  )iot  agreeable  to  the  palate,  but  owing 
to  their  astringency  and  tartness  they  are  admirably  fitted  for 
making  into  perry.  Well-grown  pears,  of  good  sorts,  grown 
for  market  are,  however,  the  most  luscious  and  delicious  of 
English  fruit,  and  a well-grown  and  properly  packed  basket 
of  pears  always  commands  a high  figure  in  spite  of  the  large 
importation  of  this  fruit  from  abroad.  They  succeed  better  in 
the  southern  than  in  the  northern  districts  of  this  country. 
4 Varieties  of  Pears. — The  pears  which  are  worthy  of  notice 
are  Lammas  and  Hessle,  good  market  kinds,  which  can  be 
planted  in  the  north  as  well  as  in  the  south  ; Fertility  : 
C'onference  ; Dr.  Jules  Guyot,  an  improved  Williams’s  Bon 
(vhretien  ; Princess,  which  is  an  improved  Louise  Bonne  of 
Jersey ; Marguerite  Marillet,  a free  grower ; Pitmastou 
Duchess,  a large  pear,  much  grown  for  market ; Beurre 
Alexander  Lucas,  which  forms  a strong  standard ; Beurre 
Clairgeau  and  Beurre  Hardy  are  all  good  kinds.  Beurre 
d’Amanlis  is  suited  for  northern  parts  of  the  country. 
From  its  straggling  habit  it  does  not  make  a good  bush  tree. 
Beurre  Capiaumont  and  Bacon’s  Incomparable  will  grow  in  the 
north  and  in  exposed  positions.  Jersey  Gratioli  and  Brockwortli 
Park  are  free  growers  as  standards.  Triomphe  de  Vienne  is 
also  a vigorous  sort  where  the  soil  and  situation  are  eminentlv 
suitable  for  pear  culture,  and  Doyenne  du  Cornice,  probably 
the  finest  pear  extant,  may  be  grown,  together  with  Emile 
D’Heyst,  Beurre  Superfin,  and  Nouvelle  Fulvie. 
Plums. — The  Plum  will  grow  on  lighter  and  more  shallow 
soil  than  apples  and  pears,  yet  at  the  same  time  it  thrives  on 
heavy  land ; in  fact  it  is  the  most  cosmopolitan  of  all  fruits. 
However,  certain  varieties  have  their  peculiarities,  such  as 
Orleans  and  Prince  of  Wales,  which  prefer  a warm  soil  and 
situation,  while  Victoria,  Pond’s  Seedling,  and  Belgian  Purple 
flourish  equally  well  on  heavy  or  light  land. 
Owing  to  the  heavy  crops  which  plums  generally  product' 
they  should  be  liberally  manured.  They  are  usually  ])lanted 
l)etween  standard  apples  in  ])lantations,  or  alone  with  soft  fruit 
trees  below  them  (see  Fig  2).  The  plum  is  worked  on  the  Mussel, 
Brompton,  or  Brussels  stocks,  the  first  being  the  most  useful  for 
standards.  Care  must  be  taken  in  the  choice  of  plums  planted 
for  market  purposes,  as  the  taste  differs  in  various  localities. 
In  one  ])lace  a yellow  plum  is  in  demand,  in  another  a red 
