Cai)ihrulge  and  American  Bronze  Turkeys.  847 
widely  distributed  until  about  forty  years  ago,  when  the  great 
demand  for  turkej’S  at  the  Christmas  season  began  and  has 
since  continued  to  increase.  With  the  growth  of  this  demand 
came  the  inquiry  for  large  birds,  which  no  other  breed  could 
so  easily  meet.  But  the  belief,  which  had  abundant  justifica- 
tion, that  the  American  Bronze  was  the  hardiest  of  all  the 
turkey  family,  ensured  its  general  adoption,  and  in  this  respect, 
whether  bred  pure  or  crossed  with  existing  races,  its  introduc- 
tion has  rendered  great  service. 
Fio.  2.— -American  Bronze  Turkeys. 
White. — In  England  the  White  Turkey  is  simply  so  called; 
in  America  it  is  designated  the  White  Holland,  although  it  is 
widely  distributed  in  South  Europe,  more  especially  in  France, 
Austria,  and  Hungary.  The  finest  display  I have  seen  of  these 
birds  was  in  Hungary,  where  white  plumaged  poultry  of  all 
kinds  are  preferred,  as  the  feathers  are  more  valuable  than  if 
coloured.  As  a rule  these  birds  are  small,  but  in  Hungary  it 
was  not  so.  Their  burnished  feathers,  and  the  brilliant  red 
head  and  neck,  and  pale  shanks,  make  a tout  ensemble  which  is 
