Zeller: Carpophores of Ceriomyces Zelleri 237 
cally the surface of a truncated cone. This feature is the demar- 
cation of the pileus fundament above and the stipe fundament 
below. However, before this differentiation is complete, the hyphae 
above in the pileus fundament begin a radiate growth in the pe- 
ripheral portion and the palisaded cortex of the pileus is formed. 
Figure 3 shows this palisade of an older pileus. The ends of the 
excurrent hyphae are somewhat tufted, and no doubt this feature 
brings about the characteristic velvety surface of the pileus. This 
palisade extends over the summit of the carpophore and down 
over all sides of the pileus fundament to the deeply staining area. 
The hyphae in this deeply staining portion extend vertically 
through it. This area resembling a truncated cone becomes a 
plane of cleavage, and the hyphae break apart here forming a 
superficial annular furrow. The cleavage takes place throughout 
the area simultaneously; i. e., it is neither decidedly centripetal 
nor centrifugal. Figures 4 and 5 show different stages in the 
cleavage process, and figure 6 is the cleavage plane of figure 5 
highly magnified. After the annular furrow is formed, the ends 
of the hyphae which were cut off above project downward, form- 
ing a palisade which is the primordium of the hymenium. The 
tips of these hyphae become blunt and form a smooth surface 
which is always free to the exterior after its formation. It is 
clear, therefore, that the hymenium is exogenous in its origin. 
The superficial hyphae of the stipe keep the same general rela- 
tion to the periphery which they sustained in the undifferentiated 
carpophore. However, the ends of the hyphae which were cut off 
below the annular furrow project upward, forming a palisade on 
the lower surface of the furrow. As the stipe elongates and the 
furrow broadens, this palisade is carried down to form the cortex 
of the upper part of the stipe. Thus, the cortex of the lower part 
of the stipe is composed of hyphae which extend parallel with the 
surface, while the portion of the cortex of the stipe near the pileus 
is of palisaded hyphae. Figure 7 shows this feature in the cortex 
of the stipe. The pileus increases in size by a centrifugal growth 
at the margin, the hyphae turning upward and downward at this 
point adding to the palisaded surface and the primordium of the 
hymenium, respectively. At this stage the hymenium is plane and 
quite horizontal. 
