Syn. p. 102. — Hook. Hrit. Fl. p. 241. — Macr. Man. Brit. Bot. p. 71. — Lightf. FI. 
Soot. v. ii. p. 261. — Sibtli. Fl. Oxon. p. 159. — Abbot’s Fl. Bcdf. p. 111. — Fart. 
Midi. Fl. v. i. p. 247. — Davies’ Welsh Hot. p. 49. — Relh. Fl. Cant. (3rd edit.) p. 
200. — Hook. Fl. Scot. p. 158. — Grev. Fl. Edin. p. 114. — Fl. Devon, pp. 80 & 171. 
— Winch’s Geog. Fl. (2nd cd. ) p. 49. ; Fl. of Novthumb. and Durh. p. 34. — Don’s 
Gen. Syst. of Gard. and Hot. v. ii. p. 583. — Loud. Avb. et Frutic. Brit. p. 772, 
with a figure. — Walker’s Fl. of Oxf. p. 141. — Bab. Fl. Bath. p. 16. — Irv. Loud. 
Fl. p. 188. — Luxf. lleig. Fl. p. 44. — Cow. Fl. Favor, p. 45. — Mack. Catal. Fl. of 
Irel. p. 49. ; Fl. Ilib. p. 104. — Rosa repens , Jacq. Frag. p. 69. t. 104. — Rosa 
sylvestris altera minor ,,flore albo nostras , Ray’s Syn. p. 455. 
Localities. — In hedges, thickets, woods, and on the borders of fields, chiefly 
in the midland counties ; not uncommon. 
Shrub. — Flowers in June and July. 
A bush about 3 or 4 feet high when unsupported, with abundance 
of trailing, glaucous, mahogany-coloured, arching shoots, frequently 
many feet in length, often feeble, much divided, and entangled, and 
occasionally producing rugged excrescences, which readily take 
root. Prickles all scattered, not in pairs, but little dilated at the 
base, hooked, those on strong shoots often com pressedly conical, 
with a straight or curved point ; those on the branches few, small, 
more or less curved. Leaflets 5, rarely 7, thin, nearly flat, simply, 
though sometimes unequally, serrated, dull green, paler and some- 
what glaucous beneath, generally smooth on both sides, or slightly 
hairy beneath, chiefly on the midrib. Petioles f leaf -stalks ) hairy, 
or glandular, or both, with hooked prickles. Stipulas strap-shaped, 
pointed, narrow, diverging at the tip, glandular at the margin. 
Bracleas, similar, strap-spear-shaped. Flowers rarely solitary, 
generally from 2 to 5 together, rather concave, slightly fragrant, 
white and very elegant; the buds frequently blush-coloured. 
Peduncles ( flower-stalks J long, often dark red. smooth or sprinkled 
with almost sessile glands. Tube of the Calyx elliptic-oblong, 
glaucous, partly reddish, smooth, rarely glandular ; segments smooth 
or somewhat glandular, with a few small, entire, spear-shaped 
pinnae. Styles (see fig. 5.) united into a stout, furrowed, elongated, 
smooth column, often longer than the stamens, permanent. Stigmas 
smooth, crowded, and partly combined, into a round head. Fruit 
( Hip ) small, spherical, egg-shaped, or elliptical ; of a dark blood- 
red when ripe, with an orange-red pulp of a pleasant peculiar 
flavour. 
llosa arvensis is distinguished from all other British species, except R.sys- 
tyla, by its styles being united in a long smooth column. From systyla it may 
be known by its cord-like, decumbent shoots, and solitary, scattered prickles. 
Three or four wild varieties are noticed by authors. The variety with hispid 
fruit L have seen in a hedge between the Canal and the Woodstock road, about 
a mile from Oxford. R. arvensis hybrida, or Double Hip-Rose, and R. arven- 
sis Andersoni, are handsome varieties, and are frequently cultivated in gardens. 
The former is said to have been found in Devonshire ; the latter in Somersetshire. 
The Ayrshire Bose, which is supposed by some to be of American origin, and 
to have been introduced into Ayrshire by the Bari of Loudon, is considered by 
some Botanists as only a variety of R. arvensis. — In all countries, where it is 
known, and in every age, the Rose has been held the Queen of Flowers, and 
the Boots of all nations and all languages have sung its praises. It has been 
made the symbol of various sentiments ; and even of those the most opposite to 
each other. Piety employs it in adorning her holy temples; love expressed its 
tenderness by wreaths; gaiety revelled adorned with crowns of roses; grief 
strews it on the tomb; luxury spreads it on the couch; and modesty and purity 
receive it as their sweetest and most glorious reward. The beauty of the morning 
is allegorically represented by this flower ; and Aurora is depictured strewing 
lloses before the chariot of Phoebus. 
The Rose is the symbol of Silence ; " under the Rose,” means to be silent. 
