( 343 .) 
TRIENTA'LIS. 
Linnean Class and Order. Hepta'ndria f, Monogy'ma. 
Natural Order. Primula'ce.eJ, Vent. — Lindl. Syn. p. 182. ; 
Introd. to Nat. Syst. of Bot. p. 225. — Rich, by Macgilliv. p. 431. — 
Loud. Hort. Brit, p.529. — Mack. FI. Hib. p. 192. — Hook. Brit. FI. 
(4th edit.) p. 415. — Lysimachiag, sect. 1. Juss. Gen. PI. p. 95. — 
Sm. Gr. of Bot. p. 95. — Syringales ; subord. Primulos.f. ; sect. 
Primulin.e ; type, Pkimulace.e ; subtv. Primulid.e ; Burn. Outl. 
of Bot. v. ii. pp. 900, 958, 1020, 1024, & 1025. — Rotace.e, Linn. 
Ge.v. Char. Calyx (fig. 1.; and fig. 2, a.) inferior, of 7 awl- 
shaped, pointed, spreading, permanent sepals. Corolla (see fig. 
2, b.) of 1 petal, wheel-shaped, in 7 deep, spreading, elliptic-spear- 
shaped, nearly equal, segments, alternate with the sepals, very 
slightly connected. Filaments 7, hair-like, spreading, the length 
of the calyx, shorter than the corolla, inserted into the base of each 
segment. Anthers terminal, oblong, recurved. Germen (fig. 3.) 
globose, superior. Style (see fig. 3.) cylindrical, rather swelling 
upwards, the length of the stamens. Stigma blunt. Capsule glo- 
bose, of 1 cell, and 7 elliptic-oblong valves (see fig. 4.), rarely 
fewer, shorter than the calyx, with blunt, recurved points. Seeds 
(see figs. 4, 5, & 6.) few, roundish, somewhat angular at the inner 
side, each invested with a lax, white, membranous, reticulated 
tunic, and all together covering the large, central, globose, cellular 
receptacle (see fig. 7). 
The parts of fructification were observed by Linn.eus to vary 
occasionally as to number. Smith. 
The calyx of 7 sepals ; the corolla in 7 deep, equal and flat seg- 
ments ; the7-valved capsule ; and the tunicated (coated) seeds ; will 
distinguish this from other genera in the same class and order. 
One species British. 
TRIENTA'LIS EUROPiE'A. European Chickweed Winter- 
green. 
Spec. Char. Leaves inversely egg-oblong ; the lowermost very 
blunt. 
Engl. Bot. t. 16. — Hook. FI. Lond. t. 161. — FI. Dan. t. 84. — Linn. Sp. l’l. p. 
488. ; FI. Suec. (2nd ed.) p. 122.; FI. Lapp. (2nd ed.) p. 109.-Huds. FI. Angl. 
(2nded.) p. 160. — VVilld. Sp. PI. v. ii. pt. t. p. 282.— Sm. FI. Brit. v. i. p. 406 ; 
Engl. H. v. ii. p. 208. — With. (7th ed. ) v. ii. p. 466. — Gray’s Nat. Air. v. ii. p. 
301. — Lindl. Syn. p. 185. — Hook. Brit. FI. p. 173.— Maer. Man. Brit. Bot. p. 
190— Liglilf. FI. Scot. v. i. p. 194.— Hook. FI. Scot. p. 115. — Jolinst. FI. of Berw. 
v. ii. p. 279. —Winch’s FI. of Northumh and Durli. p. 24— Dick. FI. Abred. p. 
35. — Irv. Lond. FI. p. 242. — Herba Trientdlis, Bauli. Hist. v. iii. pp. 536 and 
537, with a figuie.— Alsinanthemos, Kay’s Syn. p. 286. 
Fig. 1. Calyx. — Fig. 2. A Flower; a. the calyx ; b. the corolla. — Fig 3. Ger- 
men, Style, and Stigma. — Fig. 4. A Capsule, with the valves separated, and reflex- 
ed. — Fig. 5. Two of the Seeds. — Fig. 6. A Seed, magnified. — Fig. 7- Receptacle, 
and reflexed valves of the Capsule. 
* From triens, the third part of any thing, usually of a foot measure. A name 
borrowed by Linnieus from John Bauhin, who calls this pretty little plant Herba 
Trientalis, alluding to its humble stature. Smith. 
t The 7th class in the artificial System of Linn.eus ; it contains those plants 
which have perfect flowers, with 7 stamens in each. 4 See folio 295, a. 
