Management of Devon Cattle. 
325 
“ lease ” cows (a term understood to mean tlie barren cows) of 
these three breeds, the Devons were the most forward for graz- 
ing purposes. The Polled Scots were in most respects found 
about equal to North Devons ; their milk was equally rich, but 
the quantity less and period of lactation shorter. The Jerseys, 
he admits, will, in a suitable climate, beat every other breed 
both for quantity and richness of milk ; but would have to stop 
indoors sometimes, every winter, when Devons could go out, and 
are of comparatively small value to the butcher at last. 
Against the supposition that milk and beef cannot be had 
together, either in one animal or in one breed, Mr. Watt throws 
the full weight of his opinion aud experience. He has proved 
to himself that they may be developed jointly by breeding and 
treatment for their combination. 
Upon many points of detail which it is impossible to intro- 
duce here, Mr. Watt gives very useful hints. There is the lump 
of rock salt which no manager who knows his business will omit, 
unless he have some other way of supplying to his cattle the 
quantity of salt necessary to robust health. Free exercise and 
pure water are also strong points in his view of good manage- 
ment. In his directions about the rearing of calves the remarks 
upon cleanliness deserve special attention. 
There is one point which perhaps might be added. Ventila- 
tion and drainage are uppermost subjects with every good 
manager ; but we seldom find due attention paid to the value of 
light. This will be found to bear consideration ; and whilst we 
touch upon the admission of daylight to buildings where live- 
stock dwell, let us remember the importance of a good aspect, — 
one which allows the sun itself to look in. The vitalising power 
of sunlight is probably one of the greatest of the neglected truths 
of the art of live-stock management. How many a healthy 
animal, which under trying circumstances becomes sickly, would 
never become so ; how many a sickly animal, which dies, would 
recover, if this were better understood and more generally 
regarded ! 
In Somersetshire the aim for a larger Devon than that of 
the colder parts of the North of Devonshire has to some extent 
ruled both the breeding and the management. The North 
Devons and Somerset Devons, indeed, have become closely related 
by the frequent use of North Devon bulls to refine the character 
ot' the old Somersetshire Devon ; but the soil, climate and 
treatment still favour the greater growth. 
Mr. William Kidner, of Fennington, Kingston, Taunton, has 
a long-established general breeding herd for grazing and dairy 
purposes combined. The cattle are well bred, and pedigrees 
