390 Co-operative Dairies in Denmark. 
diseased cows, or from cows which have calved within four days. 
The manager examines each sample on arrival. If the vessels are not 
clean, or if the milk is sour, he warns the member in writing ; should 
this happen again he refuses the milk. On a second repetition he 
fines the member two crowns (about 2s. 3 d.) per cow. Members 
may not sell milk to other dairies, nor make butter or cheese for 
sale ; they may keep enough milk for their own use and for the 
supply of neighbours without cows, provided this is not done to the 
prejudice of the company. They buy butter for use from the com- 
pany at the middle price of the day. 
Food of Cows . — The members may feed their cows as they please, 
provided the milk and butter do not contract injurious appearance, 
flavour, or smell. Cabbages, swedes, and kohl-rabi are forbidden. 
Members using foods of doubtful effect such as potatoes, rye, vetches, 
sunflower or arachida cakes, &c., should advise the manager, so that 
his attention may be called to the milk on arrival ; if he considers 
the butter injured thereby he warns the member in writing, and if 
the injury continues he refuses the milk. The chairman and manager 
may always interdict the use of undesirable fodder. For breaches 
of these rules of feeding fines from 2 to 10 crowns per cow, without 
prejudice to reparation of damage, may be inflicted. Foods may be 
purchased in quantity by the board or its nominees, and distributed to 
the members. They may also inspect and advise on laying down and 
improving pastures, and may purchase desirable seeds and seeds of 
forage plants suitable for cultivation. In order to give the butter 
an aroma each member is advised to provide himself with enough 
rape cake to furnish each cow 1 lb. per day during the winter. 
A director or the manager may visit the byres and dairies at 
any time, and must be supplied with all information as to the food 
and treatment of the cows ; and fines of 2 to 10 crowns per cow may 
be imposed for concealing or withholding information to the damage 
of the company. 
Contagious Diseases . — The pasteurisation of the separated milk 
before returning it avoids one cause of these. Any member on whose 
farm an outbreak occurs must declare it, and must cease sending 
milk until the farm is free from infection. Should a communicable 
disease manifest itself at the dairy the manager must remove the 
sick person and proceed to a thorough disinfection. Contravention 
of these regulations may entail a fine of 100 crowns. 
Surveillance . — The board exercises supervision over the manager 
and all the arrangements of the dairy. A special inspection is 
made as summer approaches so as to see that everything is in order 
and properly kept. The chairman, valuer, and manager take stock 
yearly for the information of the general meeting. Cash in hand is 
at the disposal of the board. Members’ books are balanced and 
accounts paid monthly. 
The criticisms offered by Dr. Louise on these statutory laws are 
that those relating to pastures and cow-feeding would better take 
the form of bye-laws, modifiable by the board subject to the control 
