Cross-fertilisation of Cereals. 
693 
tion of the progeny. The work of the cross-breeder begins with 
the delicate process of artificial fertilisation, but it has to be 
continued for years in the careful selection of one or more 
desirable forms, and in their continued cultivation, until, after 
the persistent elimination of sports and defective plants, a fixed 
variety is established. This is the stage at which the Messrs. 
Fig. 2.— Some of the varieties used as parents. 
Hardcastle Ifainstay Spelt Hard Wheat Grey Wheat 
( T. Spelt a, L.) (T. durum, Desf.) {T. turgidum, L.) 
Reduced od e-half natura size. 
Garton have arrived in much of their work, though they are 
still continuing the production of new forms by crosses between 
approved and established varieties. 
A few of the parents of their new varieties of wheat are 
represented in fig. 2. Of the commonly cultivated varieties 
thus used only two are given — Hardcastle and Mainstay. A 
Considerable number of other varieties have been used in the 
