774 
Peat and its Products. 
— 
1887 
1888 
1888 
1889 
1890 
Barley 
Green 
Clover 
Potatoes 
Mixed seeds 
Mixed seeds 
Ear 
Straw 
Ear 
Straw 
Ear 
Straw 
Kilog. 
Kilog. 
Kilog. 
Kilog. 
Kilog. 
Kilog. 
Kilog. 
Kilog. 
Unmanured . . . 
1,900 
2,340 
9,050 
6,665 
1,960 
2,950 
3,250 
3,220 
Turf poudrette (a) 
3,170 
3,410 
11,475 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
„ CD 
3,130 
3,410 
12,075 
11,750 
3,200 
4,500 
4,050 
5,630 
Farmyard manure . 
1,970 
2,690 
12,075 
— 
2,000 
4,130 
3,700 
4,800 
Dissolved Peruvian 
guano .... 
3,470 
3,790 
10,880 
12,750 
2,230 
3,520 
3,500 
5,090 
Fish guano . . . 
2,540 
4,350 
8,675 
11,260 
2,390 
2,950 
3,450 
4,310 
One of the most ingenious machines for making poudrette is the “ Con- 
centrator ” of Herr Levander. This engineer has placed his machine near the 
municipal works of Gothenburg, whence he buys the solid or dry drainage, 
mixed with peat litter, and burns it in great rotating vessels, the gas issuing 
during combustion being simultaneously burnt by a small fire. His 
poudrette sells well, and not the slightest noxious gas is perceived in the 
neighbourhood. The old practice of mixing lime with the solid refuse is 
gradually be : ng abandoned at Gothenburg, and peat litter is being substi- 
tuted. It is impossible to stay even for five minutes in the sheds where the 
lime mixture is kept. Those used for the peat-litter mixture are not 
markedly disagreeable. It is only fair to add, however, that lime kills all 
microbes in a way not equalled by peat litter. 
A factory has been opened at Stigen for the manufacture of 
mattresses, bedding, and surgical bandages from the white moss, 
and, if successful, it may lead to the establishment of a new 
branch of industry. 
Swedish moss litter is made almost exclusively for home 
consumption, and does not appear as yet to enter into com- 
petition abroad with that produced by Germany, although the 
supply in Sweden of the raw material is much more extensive. 
The precautions now taken against cholera have increased 
the demand for peat mould (“ Torfmull ”), which, as a strong 
antiseptic, is much used for rendering innocuous the emanations 
from cesspools and for covering fmcal matter, which in Swedish 
towns is carted away solid, and seldom carried off through drains. 
Denmark. — In the province of Jutland, where the peat 
moors occupy some 90 English square miles, or one twenty-fifth 
of the area of the province, efforts have been made to turn the 
produce to profitable account. All the different modes invented 
during the last forty years for the treatment of peat have been 
tried in Denmark, and have been given up as impracticable, 
unprofitable, or both. Costly experiments have been carried 
out at Silkeborg and Moseland within recent years, but with no 
appreciable results. In fact, peat may be said to be used merely 
for fuel, the people cutting sufficient for their own consumption. 
