806 Annual Report for 1893 of the Consulting Chemist. 
The new Act introduced this year will, it is hoped, put an end 
to this form of misrepresentation. 
Hard-pressed cakes. — Several cakes, chiefly of American manu- 
facture, came under my notice which were very hard-pressed and 
consequently very poor in oil. 
The following analyses illustrate this 
A 
B 
c 
D 
Moisture 
. 8-77 
10-05 
11-57 
12-67 
Oil . 
. 4-95 
0-31 
G-32 
5-91 
1 Albuminous compounds 
forming matters) 
(flesh- 
. 37'37 
3712 
31 06 
29-69 
Mucilage, sugar, and di 
fibre 
gestible 
. 36 81 
3219 
34-87 
34-33 
Woody fibre (cellulose) 
. G-88 
8-10 
884 
10-77 
2 Mineral matter (ash) . 
. 5-22 
5-57 
7-34 
6-63 
100-00 
10000 
10000 
100-00 
1 containing nitrogen 
. 5-98 
5-94 
4-97 
4-75 
2 including sand 
•09 
•14 
1-79 
1-34 
A cost 71. 1 5,?. per ton delivered. 
B ,, 1 1. 10.s. ,, „ 
C „ 81. 15s. „ „ 
Linseed Cake adulterated with Rice Oil. — A new form of adul- 
teration was brought to light in the case of a cake sent to me lately, 
and which, while I found it to be free from admixture of foreign 
seeds and to contain 1 8‘5 per cent, of oil, gave, on extraction of the 
oil, one of a very acid nature and quite different to linseed oil. This 
led to further examination, and ultimately I found that the cake did 
not contain more than 1 ^ per cent, of genuine linseed oil, and that the 
remainder was rice oil. 
I have little doubt that “ extracted ” linseed-meal (i.e., linseed- 
meal from which the oil had been removed) was compounded with 
rice oil, and the whole pressed again into cake. The price charged 
was 71. 15 s. per ton. This exemplifies the necessity of stipulating 
for pure linseed cake, and of not being content with a mere 
guarantee of percentage of oil ; but of insisting that the oil be 
linseed oil, inasmuch as the feeding value of rice oil is relatively 
very small. 
Cotton Cakes. 
Sand in Cotton Cakes. — During this year several instances of 
undecorticated cotton cakes have been met with which showed that 
an impure and imperfectly cleaned seed had been used. Not only 
has there been considerable trouble, Owing to the presence on the 
market of a number of “woolly” cakes, i.e., those in which there 
has been a quantity of cotton-wool left adhering to the seed ; but a 
new feature has come to the fore in the presence of a not incon- 
siderable amount of sand. Previously this Very seldom occurred, 
and about '25 per cent, of sand was all that was, as a rule, to be 
found. 
