Keith, Brisbane, Neill, and Gunning Prizes. 215 
43rd Biennial Period, 1911-1913. — James Russell, Esq., for his series of investigations 
relating to magnetic phenomena in metals and the molecular theory of magnetism, the 
results of which have been published in the Proceedings and Transactions of the Society, 
the last paper having been issued within the period. 
44th Biennial Period, 1913-15. — James Hartley Ashworth, D.Sc., for his papers on 
“Larvae of Lingula and Pelagodiscus,” and on “ Sclerocheilus,” published in the Transac- . 
tions of the Society, and for other papers on the Morphology and Histology of Polychseta. 
45th Biennial Period, 1915-17. — Robert C. Mossman, for his work on the Meteorology of the 
Antarctic Regions, which originated with the important series of observations made by him 
during the voyage of the “Scotia” (1902-1904), and includes his paper “On a Sea-Saw 
of Barometric Pressure, Temperature, and Wind Velocity between the Weddell Sea and the 
Ross Sea,” published in the Proceedings of the Society. 
46th Biennial Period, 1917-19. — John Stephenson, Lt.-Col. I.M.S., for his series of papers 
on the Oligochseta and other Annelida, several of which have been published in the 
Transactions of the Society. 
II. MAKDOUGALL-BRISBANE PRIZE. 
1st Biennial Period, 1859. — Sir Roderick Impey Murchison, on account of his Contributions 
to the Geology of Scotland. 
2nd Biennial Period, 1860-62. — William Seller, M.D , F.R.C.P.E., for his “Memoir of the 
Life and Writings of Dr Robert Whytt,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
3rd Biennial Period, 1862-64. — John Denis Macdonald, Esq., R.N., F.B.S., Surgeon of 
H.M.S. “Icarus,” for his paper “ on the Representative Relationships of the Fixed and Free 
Tunicata, regarded as Two Sub-classes of equivalent value; with some General Remarks on 
their Morphology,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
4th Biennial Period, 1864-66.— Rot awarded. 
5th Biennial Period, 1866-68. — Dr Alexander Crum Brown and Dr Thomas Richard 
Fraser, for their conjoint paper “on the Connection between Chemical Constitution and 
Physiological Action,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
6th Biennial Period, 1868-70. — Rot awarded. 
7th Biennial Period, 1870-72. — George James Allman, M.D., F.R.S., Emeritus Professor of 
Ratural History, for his paper “on the Homological Relations of the Coelenterata,” published 
in the Transactions, which forms a leading chapter of his Monograph of Gymnoblastic or 
Tubularian Hydroids — since published. 
8th Biennial Period, 1872-74. — Professor Lister, for his paper “on the Germ Theory of 
Putrefaction and the Fermentive Changes,” communicated to the Society, 7th April 1873. 
9th Biennial Period, 1874-76. — Alexander Buchan, A.M., for his paper “on the Diurnal 
Oscillation of the Barometer,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
10th Biennial Period, 1876-78. — Professor Archibald Geikie, for his paper “on the Old 
Red Sandstone of Western Europe,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
11th Biennial Period, 1878-80. — Professor Piazzi Smyth, Astronomer- Royal for Scotland, for 
his paper “on the Solar Spectrum in 1877-78, with some Practical Idea of its probable 
Temperature of Origination,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
12th Biennial Period, 1880-82. — Professor James Geikie, for his “Contributions to the 
Geology of the Rorth-West of Europe,” including his paper “on the Geology of the 
Faroes,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
13th Biennial Period, 1882-84. — Edward Sang, Esq., LL.D., for his paper “on the Reed of 
Decimal Subdivisions in Astronomy and Ravigation, and on Tables requisite therefor,” and 
generally for his Recalculations of Logarithms both of Rumbers and Trigonometrical Ratios, 
— the former communication being published in the Proceedings of the Society. 
14th Biennial Period, 1884-86. — John Murray, Esq., LL.D., for his papers “ On the Drainage 
Areas of Continents, and Ocean Deposits,” “The Kainfall of the Globe, and Discharge of 
Rivers,” “The Height of the Land and Depths of the Ocean,” and “The Distribution of 
Temperature in the Scottish Lochs as affected by the Wind.” 
15th Biennial Period, 1886-88. — Archibald Geikie, Esq., LL.D., for numerous Communica- 
tions, especially that entitled “ History of Volcanic Action during the Tertiary Period in the 
British Isles,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
16th Biennial Period, 1889-90. — Dr Ludwig Becker, for his paper on “The Solar Spectrum at 
Medium and Low Altitudes,” printed in vol. xxxvi, Part I, of the Society’s Transactions. 
