( 243 .) 
GNAPHA'LIUM* 
Linnean Class and Order. Syngene'sia f, Polyqa'mia, Su- 
pe'rflua 
Natural Order. Compo'sit^e§; tribe, Corymbi'fer.e ||, Juss. — 
Lindl. Syn. pp. 140 & 142. ; Introd. to Nat. Syst. of Hot. pp. 197 
& 199. — Mack. FI. Hibern. p. 142. — Compo'sit^; ; subord. Car- 
dua'ce.e ; Loud. Hort. Brit. pp. 520 & 521. — Synanthe'rea:, 
Rich, by Macgilliv. p. 454. — Corymbi'fer.e, sect. 1. Juss. Gen. 
PI. p. 177. — Sm. Gram, of Bot. pp. 121 & 123. Engl. FI. v. iii. 
p.334. — Syringales; subord. Asterosa: ; sect. Asterina. ; 
subsect. Asteriana; type, Asterace.e; Burn. Outl. of Bot. 
pp. 900, 901, 920, 924, & 926. — Composite, Linn. 
Gen. Char. Involucrum ( common calyx) (fig. 1.) roundish, 
imbricated ; scales (see fig. 2 ) membranous, often coloured, con- 
verging. Corolla compound ; florets of the disk perfect, tubular ; 
their limb 5-cleft (see figs. 3 & 4) ; some in the very centre occa- 
sionally abortive, being destitute of stamens, and often of corolla 
also; florets of the circumference, if present, slender, or awl-shaped, 
mostly undivided. Filaments (see figs. 5 & 6.) 5, hair-like, short. 
Anthers in a cylindrical tube (see fig. 5). Germen (see fig. 4.) 
inversely egg-shaped, angular. Style (fig. 7.) thread-shaped, the 
length of the floret. Stigmas 2, spreading, notched. Seed-vessel 
none, except the permanent shining coloured calyx. Seeds in- 
versely egg'-shaped, small, alike, and usually perfect, in all the 
florets. Pappus ( down ) (figs. 4 & 8.) either simple, or variously 
feathery. Receptacle (fig. 9.) naked. 
Distinguished from other genera, (with the corolla of the marginal 
florets obsolete, or wanting,) in the same class and order, by the 
imbricated, filmy, coloured scales of the involucrum ; the awl-shaped 
florets of the circumference, when present ; the rough, or feathery 
pappus ; and the naked receptacle. 
Eleven species British. 
GNAPHA'LIUM DIO'ICUM. Dioecious Cudweed. Mountain 
Cudweed. Mountain Cotton-weed. Mountain Cat’s-foot. 
Spec. Char. Shoots procumbent. Stems unbranched. Root- 
leaves spathulate. Corymbs simple, terminal. Flowers dioecious ; 
inner scales of the involucrum (fig. 2.) elongated, ohtuse, coloured. 
Engl. Bot. t. 267. — Linn. Sp. Plant, p. 1199. — Huds. FI. Angl. (2nd. ed.) p. 360. — 
Willd. Sp. PI. v. iii. pt. in. p. 1882. — Sm. FI. Brit. v. ii. p. 869. ; Engl. FI. v. iii. p. 
413. — With. (7th ed.) v. iii. p. 926. — Hook. Brit. FI. p. 356. — Lightf. FI. Scot. v. i. 
p. 470. t. 20. f. 1. — Sibth. FI. Oxon. p. 250. — Davies’ Welsh Bot. p. 77. — Purt. 
Fig. 1. Involucrum. — Fig. 2. A inner Scale of the Involucrum. — Figs. 3 & 4. 
Separate Florets, with their pappus. — Fig. 5. Stamens and Pistil. — Fig. 6. A sepa- 
rate Stamen. — Fig. 7. Germen, Style, and Stigmas. — Fig. 8. A single Ray of the 
Pappus. — Fig. 9. Receptacle. — Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, & 8, more or tess magnified. 
'* From Gnapheus. Gr. a fuller; certain species being soft and woolly as the 
nap of cloth : and, according to some writers, used as a substitute for cotton or flax, 
in filling couches and mattresses, and hence denominated Cotton-weed. Wither. 
t Sec folio 91, note t. t See folio 36, note 1. 
1 See folio 27, a. || See folio 36, a. 
