( 294 .) 
GALIUM* * 
Linnean Class and Order. Tetra'ndria f, Monogy'nia. 
Natural Order. Stella'taj +, Linn. — Lindl. Syn. p. 128.; 
Introd. to Nat. Syst. of Bot. p. 202. — Mack. FI. Hibern. p. 129. — 
Rubia'ce.®, Juss. Gen. PI. p. 196. — Sm. Gram, of Bot. p. 126. — 
Rich, by Macgilliv. p. 459. — Loud. Hort. Brit. p. 519. — Don’s Gen. 
Syst. of Gard. and Bot. v. iii. p. 453. — Hook. Brit. FI. (4th edit.) 
p. 409. — Macr. Man. Br. Bot. p. 111. — Syringales ; suborder, 
Asteros/E ; sect. Rubiacinas ; type, Rubia'ceaj ; Burn. Outl. of 
Bot. v. ii. pp. 900, 901, 902, & 914. 
Gex. Char. Calyx superior, very minute, with 4 teeth. Corolla 
(figs. 1 & 2.) of 1 petal, wheel-shaped, in 4 deep, acute, often 
long-pointed, segments, without a tube. Filaments (fig. 2.) 4, from 
the base of the corolla, awl-shaped, shorter than the limb. Anthers 
of 2 round cells. Germen (fig. 3.) inferior, of 2 combined globes. 
Style (see fig. 3.) thread-shaped, the length of the stamens, cloven 
at least half way down. Stigmas capitate. Seeds (figs. 4 & 5.) 
naked, combined, globular, not crowned by the calyx. 
Distinguished from other genera, in the same class and order, 
by the wheel-shaped, 4-cleft corolla ; and the dry, 2-lobed, inde- 
hiscent fruit. 
Sixteen species British. 
GA'LIUM VE'RUM. True Cheese-rennet. Yellow Bed-straw§. 
Ladies’ Bed-straw. Maid’s Hair. Petty Muguet. Yellow Goose- 
grass. 
Spec. Char. Leaves about 8 in a whorl, strap-shaped, grooved 
above. Flowers yellow, in dense panicles. Fruit smooth. 
Engl. Bot. t. 660. — Curt. FI. Lond. t. . — Mart. FI. Rust. t. 54. — Curt. Brit. 
Entomol. v. vii. t. 317. — Linn. Sp. PI. p. 155. — Huds. FI. Angl. (2nd edit.) 
p. 69. — Willd. Sp. PI. v. i. pt. i. p. 590. — Sm. FI. Brit. v. i. p. 178. ; Engl. FI. 
v. i. p. 208. — With. (7th edit.) v. ii. p. 225. — Gray’s Nat. Arr. v. ii. p. 481.— 
Lindl. Syn. p. 130. — Hook. Brit. FI. p. 61. — Macreight’s Manual of British 
Botany, pp. 112 & 113. — Lightf. FI. Scot. v. i. p. 115. — Sibth. FI. Oxon. p. 59. — 
Abb. FI. Bedf. p. 34.— Davies’ Welsh Bot. p. 15. — Purt. Midi. FI. v. i. p. 96. — 
Relh. F). Cant. (3rd ed.) p.60. — Hook. FI. Scot. p.50. — Grev. FI. Edin; p. 35. — 
FI. Devon, pp. 26 & 163. — Johnston’s FI. of Berwick, v. i. p. 36. — Winch’s FI. 
of Northumb. and Durham, p. 11. — Walker’s FI. of Oxf. p. 39. — Don’s Gen. 
Syst. of Gard. and Bot. v. iii. p.654. — Bab. FI. Bath. p. 23. — Dickie’s FI. Abred. 
p.26. — Mack. Catal. of PI. of Irel. p. 18.; FI. Hibern. p. 130 .—Gallium luteum, 
Johnson’s Gerarde, p. 1126. — Ray’s Syn. p. 224. 
Localities. — I n hilly, bushy places, way-sides, and margins of fields and 
woods, in dry ground ; frequent. 
Figs. 1 & 2. Corolla, Stamens, and Pistil. — Fig. 3. Germen, Style, and Stigmas. — 
Figs. 4 & 5. Fruit. 
* From gala, Gr. milk ; the plant having been used to curdle milk. Hooker. 
-(• See folio 46, note -f\ J See folio 135, a. 
? The common name Bed-straw given to all the species is from the verb strew, 
anciently written straw. Before the invention of feather-beds, a variety of herbs 
were used to strew beds with ; among these doubtless this was one. Martyn. 
