( 315 .) 
LACTU'CA* *. 
Linnean Class ft Order. SYGENE'siAf, Polyga'mia, /EqualisJ. 
Natural Order. Ccmpo'sita3§, (Linn.), tribe, Cichora'ce.e, 
Lindl. Syn. pp. 140 & 156.; Introd. to Nat. Syst. of Bot. pp. 197 
and 201. — Loud. Hort. Brit. pp. 520 & 521. — Mack. FI. Hibern. 
pp. 142 & 159. — Hook. Brit. FI. (4th ed.) p. 410 . — Cichora'cej;, 
Juss. Gen. PI. p. 168. — Sm. Gr. of Bot. p. 120 . — Synanthe'rea:, 
Rich, by Macgilliv. p. 454 . — Syringales ; subord. Asterosa 3 ; 
type, Cic Horace as ; Burn. Outl. of Bot. pp. 900, 901, & 935. 
Gen. Char. Involucrum (common calyx ) (fig. 1.) cylindrical, 
of many, pointed, imbricated, unequal, flat scales, which are mem- 
branous at the margin. Corolla (fig. 2.) compound, imbricated, 
uniform ; florets ( figs. 2 & 3.) numerous, perfect, equal, all strap- 
shaped, blunt, with 4 or 5 teeth. Filaments (see fig. 4.) 5, hair- 
like. Jlnthers in a cylindrical tube. Germen (see figs. 3 to 6.) 
inversely egg-oblong. Style (figs. 4 and 5.) thread-shaped, longer 
than the stamens. Stigmas 2, revolute. Seed-vessel none, except 
the unaltered closed involucrum. Seed (figs. 7 & 8,) inversely 
egg-shaped, furrowed, roughish, compressed. Pappus (down) 
(see figs. 7 & 8.) simple, hair-like, very slender, elevated on a stalk 
about its own length. Receptacle (see fig. 9.) narrow, naked, dotted. 
The oblong, imbricated iuvolucrum, with its scales membranous 
at the margin; the naked receptacle; and the stalked, simple 
pappus ; will distinguish this from other genera^ with uniform, 
strap-shaped florets, in the same class and order. 
Three species British. 
LACTU'CA VIRO'SA. Strong-scented Lettuce. Cut Lettuce. 
Spec. Char. Leaves horizontal, finely toothed, 2-eared and 
amplexicaul at the base, their keel prickly. Flowers panicled. 
Engl. Bot. t. 1957. — Woodv. Med. Bot. Suppl. t. 250. — Linn. Sp. l’I. p. 1119. — 
lluds. FI. Angl. (2nd ed. ) p. 337. — Willd. Sp. l’l. v. iii. p. in. p. 1526. — Sm. F). 
Brit. v. ii. p. 819. ; Engl. FI. v. iii. p. 345. — With. (7tli edit.) v. iii. p. 885. — 
Gray’s Nat. Air. v. ii. p. 417. — Lindl. Syn. p. 156. — Hook. Brit. FI. p.339. — 
Macr. Man. Brit. Bot. p. 142. — Liglitf. FI. Scot. v. i. p. 429. — Sibth. FI. Oxon. 
p. 237. — Thornt. Family Herbal, p. 682. — l’urt. Midi. H. v. ii. p. 372. — Belli. FI. 
Cant. (3rded.) p. 318. — Ilook. Fl. Scot. p. 227.— Grev. FI. Edin. p. 166. — Rev. 
G. E. Smith’s l’l. of S. Kent, p. 45. — Jolinst. Fl. Berw. v. i. p. 173. — Winch’s Fl. 
of Northumb. and Durli. p. 50. — Walker’s Fl. of Oxf. p. 222. — Perry’s P). Varvie. 
Selects!, p. 65 — Lactuca sylvestris major, odore Oj>ii, Ray’s Syn. p. 161. — 
Johnson’s Gerarde, p. 309. 
Locautihs. — A bout hedges, old walls, banks, and way-sides, on a chalky 
soil; not uncommon.— Oxfordshire; Marston Lane: Ur. Sihthohpf. Under 
hedges by the side of a footpath leading from the back of the Romaji Catholic 
Chapel to the Asylum. — Jlerks ; By the side of the new road going from Botley 
to Ensham, about 200 or 300 yards before you come to the bridge ; July 30, 1831 : 
W.B. Near Maidenhead: Mr. W. Hurst, in N. B. (j. — Cambridyesh. In 
Fig. 1. Involucrum. — Fig. 2. Corolla. — Fig. 3. A Floret. — Fig. 4. Stamens and 
Pistil. — Fig. 5. Germen, Style, and Stigma. — Fig. 6. Germen. — Figs. 7 and 8. 
Seed. — Fig. 9. Receptacle. — All, except tigs. 1, 2, 7, & 9, maynified. 
* From lac, milk ; the whole plant being very milky, 
t See f. 91, n. t. t See f. 147, n. f. 1 See f, 27, a, 
