250 
Plans of Farm Buildings . 
Extra Accommodation. 
A blacksmith or joiner’s shop, a sick box or slaughter house, are Useful 
adjuncts to a large farm ; these are shown in a detached block, and further 
extension by way of a lock-up implement shed is also indicated. 
The attention of the judges is specially directed to — 
(1) The closeness and economy in the general plan, the simple character 
of the buildings, and consequent economy in cost of erection and 
maintenance ; (2) The general convenience for feeding, dunging out, 
working and supervision of the whole, with the least amount of labour 
to the farmer and his men ; (3) The special provision, of an inexpen- 
sive kind, made for ventilation without draughts, and lighting of the 
whole premises. 
Water. 
All rain water will be saved for cattle and supplemented by water pumped 
by engine up to a central tank. All gutters between ranges of buildings will 
deliver into water troughs in covered yards and other convenient positions. 
Whenever rain water fails, the well water would be turned on. 
Drainage. 
All drains will be in straight lines and commanded by small inspection 
chambers so that the whole can be readily examined and rodded from end to 
end. All liquid manure drains will be carried to a central tank for pumping 
into liquid manure carts. No rain water will be connected to these drains. As 
much of the liquid will be put into the covered yards as can be absorbed by 
the litter therein, but experience has proved it is not possible to so deal with 
the liquid from a large cow byre, and this therefore will go through chambers 
direct to liquid manure tank. Open channels are recommended for cart horse 
and nag stables’ drainage. In the case of former, the open channel will deliver 
on to surface of fold yards. 
SPECIFICATION. 
The materials for buildings must necessarily vary with the situation. In 
this case it is suggested the buildings should be erected with hard burnt bricks, 
and roofed with pantiles or slates. 
An economical roofing would be the “ Eternit Roofing Tile ” made of asbestos. 
It is light and not affected by extremes of weather as slates. The cost appears 
to be about the same as Welsh slating, but as the rafters can be placed at 30-in. 
centres there is considerable economy in the woodwork. Spaced slating is 
suggested for upper parts of covered yards. 
Cart horse stables would be paved with heavy scoria; bricks (where obtainable 
from slag works), otherwise these and nag stable, boxes, food mixing house, 
gangways, Ac., would be paved with strong cement concrete, on a foundation of 
broken brick or stone. The concrete floors to be roughened on surface where 
necessary. 
All woodwork used to be clean redwood. In some districts creosoted board- 
ing might be used for covering in covered yards, but it is doubted whether 
there is any ultimate economy in this. 
Wherever possible eaves of roofs should project beyond the walls, and 
downcomers should be packed out from the walls so that in case of stoppage of 
either spouts or downpipes the water falls clear of the walls, and so avoid what 
is a fruitful cause of present dampness and future decay of pointing and walling. 
Spouts and downpipes to be of heavy iron. 
The cattle troughs should be of heavy salt glazed earthenware 
Ironwork to doors, bolts, Ac., all to be blacksmith made and “ extra strong.” 
Oak posts to be used for stables, byres, boxes, Ac. 
