Fink: Classification of Lichens 
115 
Thus far we have been considering ascomycetous lichens. We 
may now give attention to a few Basidiomycetes, some of which 
are lichens while the others may be. Moller (89) found a Cora- 
like thelephore growing abundantly with Cora. The two plants 
are alike in structure as well as in macroscopic appearance. He 
pulverized portions of Cora in water and poured the broth over 
the thelephores. In three months, Cora lobes, bearing the alga 
characteristic of this lichen, appeared along the margins of the 
thelephore pilei. Microscopic examination proved that the hy- 
phae of the young Cora lobes were continuous with those of the 
thelephores on which they grew. Thus, by field cultures, Moller 
transformed part of a thelephore into the lichen, Cora. The con- 
clusion is that Cora is a primitive lichen, growing beside its non- 
lichen progenitor, the thelephore. The experiments were ex- 
tended to Dictyonema and Landatea as, is explained below in the 
statement under culture experiments. 
Lagerheim (79) published a new subspecies of Stichococcus 
bacillaris, which he found growing on Polyporus lucidus, Tra- 
metes pini and Daedalca quercina. He states that his subspecies 
fungicola is similar to Stichococcus bacillaris, found growing with 
some of the Caliciaceae. He makes no suggestion that the fungi 
on which his alga grows may be lichens in the making. But there 
is a possibility that such is the case, and that we have here and 
in other hymenomycetes upon which algae are frequently seen, 
very primitive lichens, or at least accidental and indifferent asso- 
ciations of algae with fungi which may become lichens in time. 
Morgan (86) noted the constant occurrence of Clavaria mucida 
with Chlorococcum humicola. Coker (38) observed the same 
relation of the alga to the fungus. On examination, he found 
that the hyphae ramify through the algal masses. There are 
no haustoria, and he regards the relation of the fungus to the alga 
about the same as that of Collema to the Nostoc colonies in which 
it grows. The relation is almost certainly advantageous to the 
fungus, and Coker’s conclusion that Clavaria mucida is probably 
becoming a basidiomycetous lichen seems reasonable. 
We may now pass to some unknown fungi which may be 
lichens. Schneider (114) investigated the relationship of Tren- 
tepohlia aiirea to some unknown fungus. He found the fungal 
