Banker: Type Studies in Hydnaceae 
199 
specimens “ Nunklow. July lo, 1850.” At the time of taking 
my notes I doubtless mistook the 5 in the year date for a 6 and 
just then I had no reference to Berkeley’s original description for 
comparison. 
The specimens at Kew although very dark are not black and 
are clearly typical examples of the genus Hydnellum, being very 
near H. hybridtim and H. zonatum. The American forms that 
belong here have been, doubtless, generally referred to H. zonatum. 
Berkeley’s description fits our plants in every respect except for 
his unqualified statement that the species is black. Fresh living 
plants have the usual cinnamon-brown color of the related species, 
sometimes uniform, occasionally with the pink border character- 
istic of H. zonatum. One of the most distinctive features is the 
rows of scabrous, yellow dots that mark the zonations of the 
pileus. Old specimens are very dark and the writer has in his 
herbarium a collection gathered at Bolton, N. Y., that contains 
one or two old and apparently weathered specimens that are 
actually black. Nothing so dark was observed in the material at 
Kew, and we believe that the character pertains only to old dead 
specimens. 
Hydnellum zonatum (Batsch) Karst. Medd. Soc. 
Faun, et FI. Fenn. 5 : — (27). 1879 
Hydmim zonatum Batsch, Flench. Fung. iii. 1783. 
Hydnum concrescens Pers. Obs. Myc. i : 74. 1796. 
There is no type specimen of Hydnum zonatum Batsch and 
our conception of the species is almost wholly dependent upon 
Batsch’s description and figures. 
In Persoon’s herbarium at Leyden there are a number of speci- 
mens under the names Hydnum concrescens Pers. and Hydnum 
cyathiforme Bull, which are there treated as synonymous. 
None of these are probably to be regarded as type specimens 
although most of them may be considered as having their deter- 
mination approved by Persoon. The principal set of these ap- 
pears to be identical with the forms which we have referred to 
H. concrescens Pers.® Most of the other specimens are forms 
which we would refer to H. hyhridum Bull. In the European 
® Mem. Torrey Club 12: 157. 
