﻿sulated rocks about Stockpole Court : Mr. Milne. On Tenby Rocks next the 

 sea : Sir J. Cullum. — SCO TLAND. On rocks upon the sea coast, as in Inch- 

 Garvey and Mykric Inch, in the Firth of Forth, and in Basse Island: Sibbald. 

 — IRELAND. On Ireland’s-Eye, and on old walls near the harbour of Gal- 

 way. On cliffs on the South isle of Arran, and near Dingle : Mr. J. T. Mackay. 



Biennial. — Flowers from July to October. 



Root much branched, running deep into the ground. Stem 

 scarred, thick, and of a somewhat woody substance, growing, when 

 in a garden, to the height of from 6 to 10 feet, upright, straight; 

 simple below, but branching towards the top into a leafy head ; the 

 branches besprinkled with fine, deflexed, compound, bristly hairs. 

 Leaves of a greyish green, pliant, soft and downy, alternate, on long 

 footstalks ; their margin in 7, 5, or 3 shallow, crenate lobes. Flowers 

 mostly in pairs, sometimes 3 together, on upright peduncles an inch 

 and a half long. Outer Calyx ( involucrum of Dr. Lindley’s Sy- 

 nopsis J much larger than the inner ; segments broad, blunt, some- 

 times notched. Corolla purplish-red, with dark blotches at the 

 base of the petals. Cylinder of united filaments purple, woolly at 

 the base. Germen smooth. Style usually 8-cleft at the top. Stigmas 

 revolute, reddish. Capsules about 8, kidney-shaped, sharply 3- 

 cornered, membranaceous, wrinkled, closed on all sides, pale-bay- 

 coloured, not opening. Seeds kidney-shaped, ash-coloured. 



This species is frequently met with in gardens, where, if it is al- 

 lowed to scatter its seeds, it will spring up for many successive years, 

 and often attain a large size. The young plants will, as Sir J. E. 

 Smith observes, now and then survive one or more mild Winters ; 

 but having once blossomed it perishes. 



The Natural Order Malva'ce.® is composed of Herbaceous 

 Plants, Shrubs, and Trees, with a stellate pubescence, and alternate, 

 more or less divided leaves, furnished with two stipulae at their base. 

 The calyx is of 5 sepals, very seldom of 3 or 4, more or less united 

 at the base, with a valvate aestivation, often bearing external 

 bracteae (outer calyx, fig. 1.) forming an involucrum. The corolla 

 is generally composed of 5 petals, which are hypogvnous, alternate 

 with the lobes of the calyx, spirally twisted at first, either distinct 

 or united together at their base, by means of the filaments of the 

 stameas, so that the corolla falls off entire. The stamens are 

 usually indefinite, rarely of the same number as the petals, hvpo- 

 gynous; the filaments are monadelphous ; the anthers 1-celled, 

 kidney-shaped, bursting transversely. The ovarium ( germen ) is 

 formed by the union of several carpels round a common axis, either 

 distinct or coherent. Styles the same number as the carpels, either 

 united or distinct ; stigmas variable. The fruit is either capsular 

 or baccate, its carpels being either 1 -seeded or many-seeded, some- 

 times united in one, sometimes separate or separable ; their dehis- 

 cence either loculicidal or septicidal. The seeds, which are some- 

 times hairy, are generally without albumen; they have a curved 

 embryo, with twisted and doubled cotyledons. 



The Malvacecc abound in mucilage, and are consequently demulcent. No 

 plant belonging to this family is known to possess unwholesome qualities. See 

 Lindl. Syn. and Rich, by Macgilliv. The British Genera in this older are 

 Malvu, t, 25.; Alt ha a ; and Lavatera, 1. 106. 



