﻿(118.) 



C R AlT^E'G US* *. 



Linnean Class and Order. Icosa'ndria f, Pentagy'nia*. 



Natural Order. Poma'ceje, Lindl. in Tr. of Linn. Soc. v. xiii. 

 p. 88; Syn. p. 103; Introd. to Nat. Syst. of Bot. p. 83. — Ro- 

 sa'cea 2 , tribe, Poma'ce/e, Juss. Gen. PI. p. 334. — Sm. Gram, of 

 Bot. pp. 171 & 172. — Rich, by Macgilliv. pp. 528 & 530. — Loud. 

 Hort. Brit. pp. 512 & 513 . — Rosa'les, subt. Pyrid^e, Burnett’s 

 Outl of Bot. pp. 614 & 695. 



Gen. Char. Calyx (fig. 1.) superior, of 1 sepal, in 5 pointed 

 segments, permanent. Corolla of 5 roundish, concave petals, at- 

 tached to the rim of the calyx. Filaments (fig. 2.) about 20, awl- 

 shaped, incurved, fixed to the rim of the calyx within the petals. 

 Anthers roundish, 2-lobed. Germcn inferior, oval or round. Styles 

 (fig. 1.) from 2 to 5, rarely 1 only, thread-shaped, upright. Stigmas 

 knobbed. Fruit (figs. 3 & 4.) oval or round, concealing the upper 

 end of the cells, which are bony, and do not burst except in germi- 

 nation. Seeds (see fig. 5.) 2 in each cell, upright, inversely egg- 

 shaped, blunt, pointed at the base where they are attached. 



Distinguished from other genera, in the same class and order, 

 by the urceolate (pitcher-shaped), 5-cleft calyx; orbicular petals ; 

 ovarium of from 2 to 5 cells ; smooth styles ; and fleshy, egg- 

 shaped, or round fruit, closed by the calycine teeth or the thickened 

 disk, concealing the upper end of the bony cells. 



One species British. 



CRATjE'GUS OXYACA'NTHA. Hawthorn §. White-thorn. 

 May. 



Spec. Char. Branches thorny. Leaves smooth, 3- or 5-lobed, 

 serrated. Flowers corymbose. Styles l or 2. 



Linn. Sp. PI. p. 683. — Huds. FI. Angl. (2nd ed.) p. 214. — With. (7th ed.) 

 v. iii. p. 596. — Lindl. Syn. p. 104. — Hook. Br. FI. p.221. — Hunt. Evelyn’s Silva, 

 p. 184. — Lightf. FI. Scot. v. i. p. 255. — Hook. FI. Scot. p. 1-51. — Grev. FI. Edin. 

 p. 109. — FI. Devon, pp. 82 & 170. — Loud. Encyl. of Gard. p. 1145, Paragr. 

 1935. — Baxt. Lib. of Agricul. and Horticul. Knowl. p.574. — Don’s Gen. Syst. 

 of Gard. and Bot. v. ii. p. 600. — Curt. Brit. Entomol. v. i. t. 31. — Bab. FI. Bath, 

 p. 16. — Mack. Cat. of PI. of Irel. p. 48. — Cratagus monogyna, Sibth. F). Oxon. 

 p. 156. — Abbot's FI. Bedf. p. 108. — Purt. Midi. FI. v. i p. 235.— Mespilus 

 oxyacantha, Eng. Bot. t. 2504. — Sm. FI. Brit. v. ii. p. 529. Engl. FI. v. ii. p. 

 359. — Relh. FI. Cantab. (3rd ed ) p. 197 — Johnston’s FI. of Bervv. v. i. p. 109.— 

 Walk. FI. of Oxf. p. 135. — Mespilus monogyna, and M. digyna, Gray’s Nat. 

 Arr. v. ii. p. 565. — Mespilus Apii folio sylvestris spinosa, sive oxyacantha, 

 Ray’s Syn. p. 453. — Oxyacanthus, Johnson’s Gerarde, p. 1327. 



Localities. — In woods, copses, hedges, &c. Everywhere. 



Shrub or Tree. — Flowers in May and June. 



From 5 or 6 to 20 or 30 feet high, with smooth bark, and hard 

 wood. Branches smooth, thorny ; thorns lateral, awl-shaped. 



Fig. 1. Calyx and Pistils.— Fig. 2. Calyx, Stamens, and Pistil. — Fig 3. A 

 Berry. — Fig. 4. The same, with the upper half of the fleshy part or sarcocarp 

 removed, shewing the putamen or endocarp (bony cell) with the style attached 

 to its summit. — Fig. 5. A transverse section of the Endocarp, shewing the seed 

 within it. 



* From cratos, Gr. strength ; in allusion to the extreme hardness of the 

 wood. Hooker. 



+ See Primus cerasus, folio 100. f See Py'rustormindlis, folio 111. 



$ The Hawthorn is the badge of the Highland clan Ogilvie. 



